Minna Bollmann

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Minna Bollmann
The female MPs of the MSPD in the Weimar National Assembly on June 1, 1919. Minna Bollmann is in the back row, 5th from the right.

Minna Bollmann (born Minna Zacharias , born January 31, 1876 in Halberstadt ; † December 9, 1935 there ) was a German politician ( SPD ).

Life

Minna Zacharias was the daughter of the master tailor August Zacharias, who co-founded the SPD in Halberstadt. After school she trained as a tailor from 1890 to 1892 and then worked as a tailor in Berlin until her marriage. In 1896 she married the innkeeper Max Bollmann and subsequently ran her mother-in-law's restaurant with her husband. Her mother-in-law had already made the restaurant available for party meetings at the time of the Socialist Act. Even at the time of Minna Bollmann, the bar was the meeting place for the local SPD. Their marriage had at least three children (two sons, one daughter). Max Bollmann died in 1925.

Bollmann has been involved in women's work in the SPD since the turn of the century. In 1905 she joined the SPD. From 1907 she worked as an agitator for the party beyond Halberstadt. In 1907 she was a delegate at the first international conference of socialist women in Stuttgart. During the First World War she was the district nurse of the war welfare department and worked in the care of the social aid organization for warrior women, widows and orphans.

From 1919 to 1933 Bollmann was a member of the city council of Halberstadt. She was also a member of the district executive committee and, between 1919 and 1922, also of the central party committee of the SPD.

Bollmann was a member of the constituent Weimar National Assembly from 1919 to 1920 , after the active and passive right to vote for women had been introduced. This made her one of the first women in a German national parliament. After the failure of her candidacy for the election to the first regular Reichstag in 1920, she was the top candidate of her party for the Prussian state election of 1921 in the administrative district of Magdeburg. She was elected and was a member of the Prussian state parliament until 1933 .

After the beginning of National Socialist rule , the von Bollmann bar again became an illegal meeting place for Social Democrats and was regularly monitored by the Gestapo from 1935 onwards . As a symbol of the resistance, a picture of August Bebel even got stuck in the dining room.

Bollmann was shocked by reports of the torture and murder of comrades. She suffered from depression. Because she feared for her life because of her help for the persecuted and her resistance against the National Socialists, she finally committed suicide . Before that, she had destroyed her entire estate.

Her funeral, attended by hundreds of local Social Democrats and friends, turned into a silent protest against the regime. Not least because of the Gestapo's surveillance of the meeting , there were numerous arrests and convictions. Among them was their son Otto Bollmann (1897–1951), who was incarcerated in Sachsenhausen concentration camp until 1942 .

A street in Halberstadt is named after Minna Bollmann and the local SPD awards a prize named after her. Her grave is preserved in the Halberstadt municipal cemetery.

literature

  • Minna Bollmann . In: Franz Osterroth : Biographical Lexicon of Socialism. Volume I. Deceased personalities . JHW Dietz Nachf., Hanover 1960, p. 34.
  • Werner Hartmann: Bollmann, Minna, b. Zacharias. In: Eva Labouvie (Ed.): Women in Saxony-Anhalt, Vol. 2: A biographical-bibliographical lexicon from the 19th century to 1945. Böhlau, Cologne et al. 2019, ISBN 978-3-412-51145-6 , p. 94-96.
  • Barbara von Hindenburg: Biographical manual of the members of the Prussian state parliament. Constituent Prussian State Assembly and Prussian State Parliament 1919-1933 (=  Civilization & History . 45 Part 1). Frankfurt am Main 2017, ISBN 978-3-653-07049-1 , pp. 238-241 .
  • Social Democratic Party of Germany (ed.): Committed to freedom. Memorial book of German social democracy in the 20th century (With a foreword by Gerhard Schröder , edited by Christl Wickert with the assistance of Friedhelm Boll.) Schüren, Marburg 2000, p. 45, ISBN 3-89472-173-1 .
  • Martin Schumacher (Hrsg.): MdR The Reichstag members of the Weimar Republic in the time of National Socialism. Political persecution, emigration and expatriation, 1933–1945. A biographical documentation . 3rd, considerably expanded and revised edition. Droste, Düsseldorf 1994, ISBN 3-7700-5183-1 .

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Bollmann, Minna
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Zacharias, Minna (maiden name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German politician (SPD), MdNV, MdL
DATE OF BIRTH January 31, 1876
PLACE OF BIRTH Halberstadt
DATE OF DEATH December 9, 1935
Place of death Halberstadt