Mosbacher faiences

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Mosbacher faience, double-handled mug

As Mosbacher faience are the products of the factory in Mosbach , Baden-Wuerttemberg referred to, in the 1770-1836 primarily utilitarian pottery from faience were produced.

history

On April 23, 1770, Pierre Berthevin, who headed the Swedish Faience Manufactory Marieberg from 1766 to 1769 , received approval from Elector Karl Theodor (Palatinate and Bavaria) to set up a faience manufacture in Mosbach. The empty barracks were assigned to him for operation. Berthevin was employed in the Frankenthal porcelain factory in 1770 , where he had introduced underglaze printing . Clay from the area around Mosbach was used for production, the required salt comes from the city's saltworks . Both raw materials were largely unsuitable for faience production. The sophisticated shapes and decors sought by Berthevin, however, were damaged in the fire , which led to permanent economic difficulties. Therefore, Elector Carl Theodor took over the manufacture in 1772. Berthevin initially retained the technical and artistic direction, but was dismissed in the same year. The commercial management was transferred to the Mosbacher Stadtschultheiß Heinrich Klotten.

In 1774, Samuel Tännich bought the factory. He was a porcelain painter in the Meissen porcelain manufactory in Electoral Saxony , worked for a short time in the Paul Hannong porcelain and faience manufactory in Strasbourg and moved with Hannong to the Frankenthal porcelain manufacture . Although Tännich was a skilled faience specialist, Elector Carl Theodor had to continue to subsidize the manufacture. In 1781 the faience manufacture came back into the hands of the elector, Tännich left the company in the same year.

In 1782 the Compagnon-Gesellschaft List & Co took over the faience manufactory. List was a factor in the Durlach faience manufacture . Elector Carl Theodor exempted the company from all taxes. However, List did not succeed in improving the economic situation in Mosbach. He managed the company until 1787. The manufacture was renamed Römer & Co. Up until 1828, the partners changed several times. In that year, foreman Heinrich Stadler acquired the factory and dissolved it in 1836.

Signature example

In addition to the Mosbach faience manufactory, there were two other faience factories on the territory of the Electoral Palatinate. From 1701 to 1710 Gerard Bontemps' faience manufacture in Hemsbach near Weinheim . No products have yet been identified by this manufactory. In Sulzbach, today Sulzbach-Rosenberg , from 1752 to 1771 the Sulzbach faience manufactory.

Manufactory brands

  • 1770 to 1772 Pierre Berthevin period: MB o with electoral hat
  • 1774 to 1781 period Samuel Tännich: T, TM, TC, also with Kurhut
  • 1782 to 1787 period List: CT
  • 1787 to 1828 period Romans: CT, CF
  • from 1770 across Mosbach, MOSBACH

The manufacture mark was not applied to the rough faience shards. They were written on the still unbaked, dried-on glaze. In the fire it sank into the melting tin glaze. In this way, the manufacturer's mark was covered by the glaze, as in the example shown.

Difference between the Mosbacher and Sulzbacher CT brands:

  • Mosbach: slim, steep letters, black-looking brown-violet, written with a reed pen
  • Sulzbach: rounded letters, blue or manganese violet like in painting, applied with a brush.

literature

  • TH Graesse: porcelain and faience. 30th edition. Braunschweig 2004, ISBN 3-7913-3007-1 .
  • Johannes March: The faience factory in Mosbach in Baden. Jena 1906, OCLC 29621935 .
  • Mosbacher faiences. Exhibition catalog. Reiss-Museum Mannheim, 1970, OCLC 472944873 .
  • Franz Swoboda: Palatine faience from Sulzbach 1752–1770 / 74. Municipal Reiss Museum Mannheim, guide booklet for the special show 1982, DNB 1117923746 .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Franz Swoboda: Palatine faience from Sulzbach 1752-1770 / 74. Mannheim 1982, p. 1 f.
  2. ↑ Mosbacher Faience. Exhibition catalog. Reiss - Museum Mannheim, 1970, p. 104 ff .: The CT mark (Carl Theodor) on faience was also used by the faience Manufaktur Sulzbach ( Sulzbach-Rosenberg ) in the period from 1752 to 1774.
  3. ^ Emil Heuser: Porcelain from Strasbourg and Frankenthal. Neustadt ad Haardt 1922, p. 224.
  4. ^ Franz Swoboda: Palatine faience from Sulzbach 1752-1770 / 74. Mannheim 1982, p. 11.