Mumu (Turgenew)

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Ivan Turgenev in 1859

Mumu ( Russian Муму ) is an amendment to the Russian writer Ivan Turgenev , who in 1854 at the Sovremennik appeared. The author had written the text in April 1852 in the police prison. Schwarz understands the novella as an indictment against serfdom.

Friedrich von Bodenstedt 's translation into German came out in 1864 in the Rieger University bookstore in Munich. The translation into Hebrew followed in 1921, into English (Shoenberg and Domb) in 1945 and into Azerbaijani (Ămin Ăfăndii̐ev) in 1978 .

content

An elderly, widowed landlady holds court in Moscow. She had the gigantic serf farmer Garassim come from her village. The serf, deaf and dumb from birth, serves as a house servant as well as a reliable and strong guard. The country nobility likes the hardworking Garassim. After the house servant has settled in, he takes a liking to the 28-year-old laundress Tatjana. But the mistress married Tatiana to the shoemaker Kapiton Klimow, an incorrigible drinker. The landlady cannot get on with Klimow and sends him and his wife to a remote village. Garassim accompanies Tatiana to the city gate on the Moskva and kisses the laundress according to Russian custom. Before the house servant leaves the banks of the Moskva and returns to his mistress' yard, he rescues a young female dog from drowning near the Crimean ford. Garassim feeds Mumu, as he calls the animal, at home. Everyone in the house grows in love with Mumu over time. Mumu never goes to the mansion. When the madam is interested in the puppy, the lackey Stepan has to catch it and bring it to the mistress. Mumu shows her teeth. The mistress orders the vicious mutt to get out of her sight. Stepan sells Mumu behind Garassim's back at the flea market. The sad servant looks in vain for his little darling.

Vladimir Tabourin in the 1890s: Garassim drowns Mumu.

In early summer, Mumu runs towards the mute again with the leash torn off. The steward Gawrilo brings Garassim unmistakably the instruction of the mistress in sign language: Mumu is to be killed. Garassim carries out the death sentence; drowns Mumu at the Crimean ford in the Moskva, marches through the summer night to his distant village and takes part in the harvest as a reaper.

First of all, the mistress wants Garassim back. Then she changes her mind. The mistress in Moscow has no use for ungrateful peasants.

The noblewoman dies. Her heirs leave Garassim unmolested in his home village. Garassim no longer looks after the women. He does without a new dog. The popular saying goes about the strong mute: “... what should he keep a dog! You don't even drag a thief into your yard by force! "

reception

Schwarz writes: "... how raw and loveless, how cold and capricious, how brutal and empty is the inside ... of the landowner and soul owner." Turgenev took his own mother as a model for the landowner.

Film adaptations

  • 1959 Mumu - a film by Yevgeny Efimowitsch Teterin and Anatoli Alexejewitsch Bobrowski
  • 1987 Mumu - a film by Valentin Alexandrowitsch Karawajew
  • 1998 Mumu - a film by Yuri Vyacheslavovich Grymow

German-language editions

  • Ivan Turgenev: Mumu. I. Leinmüller, Vienna 1947. (Series two-language books Russian-German vol. 4)
  • Ivan Turgenev: Mumu. A story. German by Maria Einstein (1890–1975), illustrations by Ewald Meyer . 32 pages. People and Knowledge, Berlin-Leipzig 1949 (People and Knowledge Collective Library, Issue 35)
  • Mumu , pp. 45–82 in: Iwan Turgenew: Gesammelte Werke. Vol. 5. Novellas. Edited and translated from the Russian by Johannes von Guenther. 365 pages Aufbau-Verlag, Berlin 1952.

Output used:

  • Mumu. Transferred from Ekkehard Jäkel , pp. 7–45 in: Iwan Turgenew: First love and other short stories. With an afterword by Friedrich Schwarz. Dieterich'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Leipzig 1968 (3rd edition).

Web links

See also

The Turgenev Museum in Moscow is colloquially known as the Mumu House .

Remarks

  1. Turgenev had previously published an obituary for Gogol that was badly received by the authorities (edition used, p. 518 middle - p. 519).
  2. The serfdom was abolished in Russia in late winter. 1861
  3. With souls in the context the serfs are meant.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Schwarz in the afterword of the edition used, p. 534
  2. online pp. 259–322, 1864 edition, Munich at HathiTrust
  3. Entry in VIAF
  4. Russian Крымский мост (Москва) , Krymski brod
  5. Russian Табурин, Владимир Амосович
  6. Edition used, p. 45, 4th Zvu
  7. Schwarz in the afterword of the edition used, p. 534, 2. Zvo
  8. Russian Муму (фильм, 1959)
  9. Russian Му-му (фильм, 1998)
  10. ^ Russian Turgenev Museum, Moscow