Myoblast

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A myoblast (from the Greek μῦς, mys “muscle”, βλάστος, blastos “germ”), also sarcoblast (Greek σάρξ , sárx “meat”), is a spindle-shaped precursor cell of the skeletal muscle fibers in embryos . Myoblasts develop from premyoblasts in the myotome and these stem from the middle cotyledon ( mesoderm ).

Myoblasts synthesize the myofilaments actin and myosin . In contrast to the later muscle fibers, a myoblast only has one cell nucleus . Due to cell fusion mediated by fusogenic proteins , myoblasts form the definitive muscle cells (fibers) via the intermediate stage of multicellular myotubes .

After birth, the muscle is thickened, for example through training, mainly through a thickening ( hypertrophy ) of existing muscle fibers , but not through an increase ( hyperplasia ). To a limited extent, the formation of new muscle fibers by myoblasts is possible in adults. The myoblasts that sit under the basement membrane of the skeletal muscle fibers after birth are known as satellite cells . By incorporating radial thymidine into actively dividing muscle cells, these can bring about a regeneration of muscles after muscle fiber tears . Mostly scarred a muscle injury but connective tissue .

Clinical Aspects

The transplantation of myoblasts into dead heart muscle areas after a heart attack is currently the subject of intensive scientific research.

The breeding of in vitro meat from myoblasts is also being researched.

Benign tumors of striated muscle is called because of the myoblast-like cells as Myoblastenmyom .

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