NJFA
NJFA stands for "NATO Joint Civil / Military Frequency Agreement" and is the "NATO-uniform civil / military frequency agreement ". Since 1982, the document has been the basis for frequency supply and support for the armed forces on the territory of the Federal Republic of Germany and for NATO partners. As a result of global changes in the allocation of frequency ranges and the development of civil radio services , changes in the NJFA are constantly required.
The national sovereigns for the regulation of the radio frequency spectrum generally enact / have mutually agreed NJFA changes, in particular taking into account the decisions of ITU world radio conferences , operational requirements of the armed forces and technical developments. Whereby according to "Article 38 of the International Telecommunications Treaty of Nairobi, 1982" the following is documented: "§ 163, 1. The members retain their full freedom with regard to the military radio systems of their land, air and sea forces."
content
The NJFA contains - in addition to general provisions, stipulations for enactment and amendment - “military radio frequency requirements and conditions for the use of the (radio frequency) spectrum”. A distinction is made here as follows:
- a. Typical military demands
- (1) Essential military demands
- (2) Military demand
- b. Typical harmonized NATO frequency bands
- (1) Type 1: a frequency band that is generally in military use in NATO Europe
- (2) Type 2: a frequency band that is planned for military use in NATO Europe
- (3) Type 3: a frequency band that has been identified in NATO Europe for possible military use
The following part of the table contains in columns a and b the frequency ranges and radio services according to the ITU Radio Regulations . Column c contains the relevant military demands / uses. The notation of the radio services is in accordance with the VO radio.
- Notation for primary radio services - in capital letters (example: FESTER RADIO SERVICE )
- Notation for secondary radio services - in normal notation (example: location radio service )
- Allocations for the fixed service are also available (tactical) for portable radio applications It is understood that all radio applications for search and rescue, navigation radio service , navigation satellite service and mobile aeronautical (R) are civil / military equally usable without it in the table section specifically referenced. If ITU region 2 is mentioned in the frequency agreement , this refers to NATO operational areas within the boundaries of ITU region 2. Further frequency requirements / uses are contained in the "Supplement to the NJFA for periods of tension and crisis times ..." ( English Supplement to the NATO Joint Civil / Military Frequency Agreement ... for States of Emergency and Times of Crisis ... ).
Goal setting
Radio frequencies - in general - are an economically valuable finite resource that is increasingly subject to commercial access claims, which is why demands for justification are made for military uses, especially in peacetime - and the trend is increasing. The NJFA provides important guidance on minimum military frequency requirements, for example for:
- Planning, development and procurement of weapons system-immanent frequency uses or of stand-alone radio systems (example: satellite communication system of the Bundeswehr);
- Crisis and alarm planning of the NATO partners as well as "Crisis Response Planning" in the area of responsibility of the NATO commands for the ITU region 1;
- Participation of national armed forces or contingents in NATO-led exercises, operations or missions (example: SFOR participation of “Partnership for Peace” countries);
- Coordination of cross-border frequency usage by NATO partners with friendly neighboring countries (example: cross-border mobile radio service (R) Luftwaffe (Bundeswehr) versus Luftwaffe (Austrian Armed Forces));
- Frequency harmonization of radio services used by the military in countries that are striving to get closer to NATO (example: harmonization of the UHF frequency band 225–400 MHz in Lithuania, the Czech Republic and Poland as early as 1993 with the support of BMVg / Fü S, Staff Department IV ) and
- Frequency availability for military radio stations on the territory of the Federal Republic of Germany.
NJFA table
Frequency range 14–70 kHz
| Assignment to radio services According to VO radio | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Freq. tape |
Radio service assignment used by armed forces |
military demand / use | Terms of Use | |
| (a) | (b) | (c) | (d) | |
| 14-70 kHz | MOBILE MARINE SERVICE | Essential military requirements for maritime communications. | ||
| 70-148.5 kHz |
MOBILE MARINE SERVICE | Military demand for maritime communication. | ||
| 283.5-415 kHz |
FLIGHT NAVIGATION RADIO SERVICE | Military requirement for tactical non-directional radio beacons . | ||
| 415-526.5 kHz |
FLIGHT NAVIGATION RADIO SERVICE | Military requirement for tactical non-directional radio beacons | ||
| MOBILE MARINE SERVICE | Military demand for maritime communication. | |||
| 1605.5 kHz - 30 MHz |
MOBILE AIRCRAFT SERVICE (OR) | Essential military requirements for long-range aeronautical communications. | The exclusive assignments to the mobile radio service (OR) in the bands from 3025 to 18030 kHz are to be used in accordance with VO radio appendix 26. | |
| MOBILE MARINE SERVICE | 1. Essential military demands for broadband telegraphy channels. 2. Military demand for maritime communication. |
The exclusive assignments to the mobile sea air service between the bands from 4000 to 27500 kHz are to be used in accordance with VO Radio Appendix 31. | ||
| FIXED RADIO SERVICE , MOBILE RADIO SERVICE except aeronautical mobile service (R) | Military requirement for fixed and tactical communication. | A high repeat channel sequence is required. | ||
| LOCATION SERVICE | Military requirement for the use of radar systems . | |||
| 1-6 | ||||
- Comments according to VO Funk
- primary radio service / primary assignment - writing in capital letters , for example: MOBILE maritime mobile service
- secondary radio service / secondary assignment - normal notation for example: mobile aeronautical service (R)
- (OR) - Abbreviation for flights other than scheduled flights ( English off-route )
- (R) - Abbreviation for scheduled flights ( route )
Frequency range 30–400 MHz
| (a) | (b) | (c) | (d) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 30-87.5 MHz |
MOBILE SERVICE | Essential military requirements from 8 to 25 MHz for tactical communication, of which 8 MHz are to be harmonized. | 1. 45.00–47.00 MHz is a harmonized NATO band type 1 (46.60–47.00 MHz are also militarily available in ITU region 2 ). 2. 30.30-30.50; 32.15-32.45; 41.00-45.00; 73.30–74.10 and 79.00–79.70 MHz are harmonized NATO type 3 bands . |
| 138-144 MHz |
MOBILE AIRCRAFT SERVICE (OR) | Essential military requirements for operational aeronautical radio. | The SPACE REMOTE COMMUNICATION SERVICE should not be given a primary assignment in NATO countries. |
| MOBILE LAND RADIO SERVICE (D5.211) | Military demand for land mobile radio communication. | ||
| 156-174 MHz |
CELLULAR SERVICE except aeronautical mobile service | Military demands for sonobuoy use at sea and in port. | The use of sono buoys should have a secondary status. |
| MOBILE MARINE SERVICE | Military demands for maritime communication. | ||
| 225-400 MHz |
FIXED RADIO SERVICE Fixed radio service MOBILE RADIO SERVICE Mobile radio service MOBILE RADIO SERVICE VIA SATELLITES (D5.254) |
1. Essential military requirements for mobile satellites, ground / board / ground and special maritime and terrestrial communications. 2. The NATO FMSC in this (frequency) band. |
1. This is a harmonized NATO band type 1 , including ITU region 2. 2. Frequency usage in the 225–400 MHz band is subject to revision. ... 3. The fixed directional radio - RiFu (except: RiFu tactical / movable) should be relocated to higher frequency ranges, or other transmission paths should be used. 4. SPACE REMOTE CONTROL should not be given a primary assignment in NATO countries, including ITU region 2. |
| 1-7 | |||
Frequency range 400.15-2690 MHz
| (a) | (b) | (c) | (d) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 400.15-406 MHz |
WEATHER AID SERVICE | Military demand for meteorological device. | |
| 420-450 MHz |
LOCATION RADIO SERVICE Location radio service |
Military requirement Land and marine radar (sensors) as well as airborne radars over sea areas. | Operational radar uses are to be coordinated on a national basis in accordance with the status of the radio service within the territorial sea of the member states. |
| 790-960 MHz |
MOBILE RADIO SERVICE except for mobile aeronautical radio service FIXED RADIO SERVICE |
Essential military requirements of 10 to 60 MHz for the tactical RiFu, with a 10 MHz harmonized spectrum for training in border areas, which is the subject of bilateral or multilateral coordination. | According to the equipment currently in use, there is a spectrum requirement for task forces with a corps strength of 50 MHz, although it should be noted that some countries are difficult to meet this requirement. |
| Location radio service | Military requirement for ship-based radar sensors of the Navy (890–942 MHz). | Operational radar uses are to be coordinated on a national basis within the interference range of the territorial sea of the member states. | |
| 960-1215 MHz |
FLIGHT NAVIGATION RADIO SERVICE (D5.328) | Military requirement for: 1. TACAN and military IFF systems . 2. JTIDS / MIDS operations. |
JTIDS / MIDS operations are subject to specific national agreements. |
| 1215-1350 MHz |
LOCATION RADIO SERVICE AIRPORT NAVIGATION SERVICE (D5.331) RADIO NAVIGATION SERVICE VIA SATELLITES (direction space-earth) (D5.329) |
1. Essential military requirements for air defense and (early) warning radars. 2. Military requirement for NAVSATA GPS |
NAVSATA GPS on 1227.6 MHz with ± 14 MHz bandwidth D5.329 must be taken into account. |
| 1350-2690 MHz |
FIXED RADIO SERVICE, MOBILE RADIO SERVICE (D5.359) (D5.359A) (D5.397) NAVIGATION RADIO SERVICE VIA SATELLITE |
1. Essential military requirements for tactical RiFu, with harmonized bands of 90 MHz, up to 180 MHz in total for major exercises in some countries. 2. Military requirement for radars from 1350 MHz to 1375 MHz or further up to 1400 MHz in some countries, as well as marine radars up to 1400 MHz. 3. Military requirement for NAVSATA GPS. |
1. In most NATO countries, the RiFu device is tunable in the range of 1350–1850 MHz. Future devices can be tuned in the entire band from 1350–2690 MHz. 2. In the foreseeable future (frequency) assignments for tactical RiFu will be made from the sub-bands 1375–1400, 1427–1452, 1492–1525, 2025–2110, 2200–2290, 2520–2575 and 2615–2670 MHz. 3. In the long term (possibly after 2007) - in countries with common land borders - the sub-bands 2025–2070 and 2200–2245 MHz for tactical RiFu are harmonized. 4. NAVSATA GPS on 1575.42 MHz with ± 14 MHz bandwidth. |
| 1-8 | |||
Frequency range 2700-7900 MHz
| (a) | (b) | (c) | (d) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2700-3100 MHz |
Location radio service | Military requirement for land-based, airborne, and marine radars. | |
| 3100-3400 MHz |
LOCATION SERVICE | Essential military requirements for land-based, airborne, and marine radars. | The conditions of D5.149 must be observed. |
| 3400-3400 MHz |
Location radio service | Essential military requirements for land-based, airborne, and marine radars. | |
| 3410-3500 MHz |
Military requirement for land-based and marine radars. | Operational radar uses are to be coordinated on a national basis in accordance with the status of the radio service within the territorial sea of the member states. | |
| 4400-5000 MHz |
FIXED RADIO SERVICE, MOBILE RADIO SERVICE | Essential military requirements for stationary, tactical RiFu and mobile systems. | 1. This is a harmonized NATO type 1 tape . 2. The FIXED RADIO SERVICE VIA SATELLITES cannot be implemented in NATO Europe. 3. The conditions of D5.149 must be observed. |
| 5250-5850 MHz |
LOCATION RADIO SERVICES Location radio service |
Essential military requirements for land-based, airborne, and marine radars. | |
| 7250-7750 MHz |
FERSTER RADIO SERVICE FIXED RADIO SERVICE VIA SATELLITES (direction space-earth), MOBILE SERVICE VIA SATELLITES (direction space-earth) (D5.461) |
1. Essential military requirements for feeder connections (downlinks); the mobile satellite sub-band 7250-7300 MHz marine and land mobile earth stations . 2. Military requirement for fixed systems in some countries. |
1. This is a harmonized NATO type 1 tape for feed connections (downlinks). 2. 7250–7300 MHz is paired with 7975–8025 MHz for the assignment of MOBILE SERVICE VIA SATELLITES. 3. FIXED RADIO SERVICE and MOBILE RADIO SERVICE - in most NATO countries, including ITU region 2 - cannot be implemented in the 7250–7300 MHz band. 4. In the 7300–7750 MHz band, portable earth stations cannot claim any (interference) protection against other radio services . |
| 7750-7900 MHz |
FIXED RADIO SERVICE | Military requirements for existing fixed NATO systems in some countries. | |
| 1-9 | |||
Frequency range 7900 MHz - 27.5 GHz
| (a) | (b) | (c) | (d) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 7900-8400 MHz |
FIXED RADIO SERVICE VIA SATELLITES (Direction Earth-Space) MOBILE SERVICE VIA SATELLITE (Direction Earth-Space) (D5.461) FIXED RADIO SERVICE Space Telecommunication Service (Direction Space-Earth) (D5.462A) |
1. Essential military requirements for supply links (uplinks); the mobile satellite subband 7975-8025 MHz is for earth stations of maritime and land-mobile satellite systems. 2. Military requirement for space telecontrol service feed connections (downlink), preferably in the 8025–8400 MHz band. 3. Military requirement for fixed systems in some countries. |
1. This is a harmonized NATO type 1 tape for feed connections (uplinks). 2. 7975–8025 MHz is paired with 7250–7300 MHz for the assignment of MOBILE SERVICE VIA SATELLITE. 3. FIXED RADIO SERVICE and CELLULAR SERVICE will not be implemented within 7975-8025 MHz in most NATO countries including ITU region 2. 4. Mobile earth stations in the 7900-7975 and 8025-8400 MHz bands must not cause harmful interference to other radio services. |
| 8500 MHz - 10.5 GHz |
LOCATION RADIO SERVICE Location radio service |
Military requirement land-based, airborne, and marine radars. | Harmonized type 2 NATO tape in selected sub-tapes is desirable. |
| 13.4-14 GHz | LOCATION RADIO SERVICES | Essential military requirements for land-based, airborne, and marine radars. | D5.502 must be taken into account. |
| 14.62-15.23 GHz |
FIXED RADIO SERVICE, MOBILE RADIO SERVICE | Essential military requirements for fixed and mobile "systems" (literally original version: "radio services"). | This is a harmonized NATO type 1 tape . |
| 15.7-17.3 GHz |
LOCATION SERVICE | Essential military requirements for land-based, airborne, and marine radars. | 15.7–17.1 GHz is a harmonized NATO type 1 band . |
| 17.3-17.7 GHz |
Location radio service | Military requirement for land-based, airborne, and marine radars. | |
| 20.2-21.2 GHz |
FIXED RADIO SERVICE VIA SATELLITES (Direction Space-Earth) MOBILE RADIO SERVICE VIA SATELLITES (Direction Space-Earth) |
Essential military requirements for satellite feed links (downlinks). | 1. This is a harmonized NATO band type 2 , including ITU region 2. 2. The assignment of MOBILE RADIO SERVICE VIA SATELLITE is paired with 43.5–45.5 GHz. |
| 24.05-24.25 GHz |
LOCATION SERVICE | Military requirement for radar systems. | |
| 25.25-27.5 GHz |
FIXED RADIO SERVICE, MOBILE RADIO SERVICE | Military requirement for planned fixed and mobile systems. | 26.5–27.5 GHz is a harmonized NATO type 2 band . |
| 1-10 | |||
Frequency range 30 - 77.5 GHz
| (a) | (b) | (c) | (d) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 30-31 GHz | FIXED RADIO SERVICE VIA SATELLITES (Direction Earth-Space) MOBILE RADIO SERVICE VIA SATELLITES (Direction Earth-Space) |
Military demand for planned feed connections (uplinks). | This is a harmonized NATO type 2 band . |
| 33.4-36 GHz | LOCATION SERVICE | Military requirement for radar systems. | This is a harmonized NATO type 1 band , including ITU region 2. |
| 36-37 GHz | FIXED RADIO SERVICE, MOBILE RADIO SERVICE | Military requirement for fixed and mobile systems. | 1. This is a harmonized NATO band type 1 , including ITU region 2. The conditions of D5.149 must be observed. |
| 37-39.5 GHz | FIXED RADIO SERVICE | Military requirement for existing and future fixed systems. | |
| 39.5-40.5 GHz | FIXED RADIO SERVICE VIA SATELLITES (Direction Space-Earth) MOBILE RADIO SERVICE VIA SATELLITES (Direction Space-Earth) |
Military demand for future satellite feed connections (downlinks). | 1. This is a harmonized NATO type 3 band , including ITU region 2. 2. Pairing with 50.4–51.4 GHz is intended. |
| 43.5-45.5 GHz |
CELLULAR SERVICE CELLULAR SERVICE VIA SATELLITE |
1. Essential military requirements for future feed connections (uplinks). 2. Military demand for mobile systems. |
1. This is a harmonized NATO band type 1 , including ITU region 2. The assignment of MOBILE SERVICE VIA SATELLITE is paired with 20.2–21.2 GHz. 3. D5.553 and D5.554 must be taken into account. |
| 50.4-51.4 GHz |
FIXED RADIO SERVICE VIA SATELLITES (direction earth-space) Cellular service via satellites (direction earth-space) |
Military demand for future satellite feed connections (uplinks). | 1. This is a harmonized NATO band type 3 , including ITU region 2. 2. Pairing with 39.5–40.5 GHz is intended. |
| 59-63 GHz | LOCATION RADIO SERVICE FIXED RADIO SERVICE MOBILE RADIO SERVICE |
Military requirement for planned fixed, mobile and radar systems. | 59–61 GHz is a harmonized NATO type 2 band , including ITU region 2. |
| 71-74 GHz | FIXED RADIO SERVICE VIA SATELLITES (Direction Space-Earth) MOBILE RADIO SERVICE VIA SATELLITES (Direction Space-Earth) |
Military demand for future feed connections (uplinks). | 1. This is a harmonized NATO band type 3 , including ITU region 2. 2. The pairing with 81–84 GHz is planned. |
| 77-77.5 GHz | LOCATION SERVICE | Military demand for future use of radar systems. | The conditions of D5.149 must be taken into account. |
| 1-11 | |||
Frequency range 78 - 100 GHz
| (a) | (b) | (c) | (d) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 78-81 GHz | LOCATION SERVICE | Military demand for future use of radar systems. | The conditions of D5.149 must be taken into account. |
| 81-84 GHz | FIXED RADIO SERVICE VIA SATELLITES (Direction Earth-Space) MOBILE RADIO SERVICE VIA SATELLITES (Direction Earth-Space) |
Military demand for future feed connections (uplinks). | 1. This is a harmonized NATO band type 3 , including ITU region 2. 2. The pairing with 71–74 GHz is planned. |
| 92-95 GHz | LOCATION SERVICE | Military demand for future use of radar systems. | The conditions of D5.149 must be taken into account. |
| 95-100 GHz | LOCATION SERVICE | Military demand for future use of radar systems. | The conditions of D5.149 must be taken into account. |
| 1-12 | |||
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ NATO Unclassified PO / 82/9, June 1982.
- ↑ The coordination of the frequency channels for Have Quick in the UHF band - the design of the so-called hop sets - is mostly done in NATO Europe by the NATO Allied Radio Frequency Agency (ARFA) in Brussels.
- ↑ FMSC - in NATO Europe the "Frequency Management Sub-Committee" is responsible for the management of military frequency usage in the NATO-harmonized frequency band 225–400 MHz
- ↑ frequency availability for JTIDS / MIDS see NATO Joint Civil / Military Frequency Agreement (NJFA) frequency range 960 to 1215 MHz