Napoleonaea vogelii
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Napoleonaea vogelii is a plant species in the potted fruit tree family from tropical West Africa , Ghana , Guinea , the Ivory Coast , Liberia and Sierra Leone to the Congo and Angola .
description
Napoleonaea vogelii grows as an evergreen small tree or shrub to about 10–15 meters high. The trunk diameter reaches up to 18 centimeters.
The alternate and simple, short-stalked, slightly leathery leaves are ovate to elliptical or obovate and rounded to pointed or pointed to tail. They are glabrous and lighter on the underside, with entire margins and up to 14 inches long and up to 6 inches wide. Stipules are missing.
The hermaphrodite flowers appear individually kauliflor on the trunk and ramiflor or axillary on the branches and twigs. They are about 4 inches tall and yellowish to reddish. You have below 6 cover sheets in three series.
The complex, almost sedentary flowers are five-fold. They first consist of a cup-shaped flower base and 5 triangular, green sepals with 2 small glands on the outside, then the laid-back, folded and finely fringed, white-reddish petals (also interpreted as fused staminodes, pseudocorolla) which consist of 30-40 fused segments. Then there are two circles made up of many staminodes ( secondary crown , corona), which are divided into an outer, white and long-fringed and recessed circle and an inner, upright, fused and folded, inside and below slightly spurred, white to reddish circle, with free tips . Further inside follows a small discus ring with 10 rag or glands, and then a circle of 20 above the free band-shaped and inwardly bent Staminodien and stamens whose einthekigen anthers under the scar lie. There are always two stamens next to two staminodes. The staminodes consist only of the stamens. The fünfkammerige ovary is inferior, with a short, wide and five-edged pen with a broad and flat, five-lobed scar. The petals, staminodes and stamens are attached to the disc and are completely shed as a whole after flowering.
The round and leathery drupes with constant calyx tips are 4–6 centimeters in size and orange-brownish to reddish. Some of them are more or less lobed, smooth and bare. The up to 10 or more seeds are kidney-shaped and up to 2.5 inches long. The flesh is whitish and sweet but not aromatic.
use
The fruits are edible and the rind is used as a spice and for chewing as a stimulant.
literature
- Louis P. Ronse De Craene: Floral development of Napoleonaea (Lecythidaceae), a deceptively complex flower. In: L. Wanntorp, Louis P. Ronse De Craene: Flowers on the Tree of Life. Cambridge University Press, 2011, ISBN 978-0-521-76599-2 , doi: 10.1017 / CBO9781139013321.012 , online at researchgate.net.
- GT Prance, Carel CH Jongkind: A revision of African Lecythidaceae. In Kew Bulletin. 70 (6), 2015, doi: 10.1007 / s12225-014-9547-4 , online (PDF; 15.6 MB) at UConn EEB Greenhouse - University of Connecticut, accessed on May 3, 2019.
- Klaus Kubitzki : The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. Vol. VI: Flowering Plants , Springer, 2004, ISBN 978-3-642-05714-4 (reprint), 282 f.
- Napoleonaeaceae at DELTA.
Web links
- Napoleonaea vogelii at Useful Tropical Plants.
- Napoleonaea vogelii . In: S. Dressler, M. Schmidt, G. Zizka (Eds.): African plants - A Photo Guide. Senckenberg, Frankfurt / Main 2014.
- Napoleonaea vogelii at Botanic Garden Meise, The Digital Flora of Central Africa.
Individual evidence
- ^ F. Herzog, R. Amadò, F. Farah: Composition and consumption of gathered wild fruits in the V-Baoulé, Côte d'Ivoire. In: Ecology of Food and Nutrition. 32 (3-4), 1994, pp. 181-196, doi: 10.1080 / 03670244.1994.9991399 , online at researchgate.net.