National newspaper of the Germans
| National newspaper of the Germans
|
|
|---|---|
| language | German |
| publishing company | Becker |
| Headquarters | Gotha |
| First edition | 1796 |
| attitude | 1829 |
| Frequency of publication | weekly |
| editor | Rudolph Zacharias Becker |
| ZDB | 507870-2 |
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The National-Zeitung der Deutschen was a weekly newspaper that appeared in Gotha from 1796 to 1829 . With its predecessors and successors, the period of publication extends over almost 70 years from 1782 to 1850. In detail:
- Dessau newspaper for young people and their friends : Dessau 1782–1786, ZDB -ID 507867-2 , digitized version .
- German newspaper for the youth and their friends, or moral descriptions of the people, customs and states of our time : 1784–1787, ZDB -ID 507868-4 , digitized .
- German newspaper or moral descriptions of the people, customs and states of our time : 1788–1796, ZDB -ID 507869-6 , digitized .
- National newspaper of the Germans : 1796-1829, ZDB -ID 507870-2 , digitized .
- General gazette and national newspaper of the Germans. Dedicated to public entertainment about non-profit objects of all kinds, at the same time general German intelligence paper for the administration of justice, the police, trade and commerce, as well as civil traffic in general : 1830–1848, ZDB -ID 507873-8 , digitized version .
- Reichsanzeiger der Deutschen, dedicated to public entertainment about charitable objects of all kinds. 1848-1850, ZDB -ID 16410-0 , digitized .
The newspaper appeared weekly, most recently twice a week. It was banned from 1812 to 1813. Estimates of the circulation range from around 2,500 to 10,000 copies, making the newspaper one of the largest in the German-speaking area.
The publisher of these newspapers was the popular enlightener Rudolph Zacharias Becker . Accordingly, a focus of these publications was practical public education and news about where, for example, rural reading societies and economic communities were founded and the like. They can therefore be seen as an example of “positive journalism” that does not focus on spreading bad luck and terrible news, but on communicating fine examples of practical progress and common sense. Such efforts were also viewed as ironic by contemporaries. This is how Karl Friedrich Gottlob Wetzel writes on Becker's "imagined publicity":
If you read the national newspaper like that,
What the world is so good and happy now!
If the Becker hadn't thought of the publicity,
nobody would have noticed that it was so wonderful.
What beautiful things can you hear from every nest,
every wind that Germany lets sweep;
Knows what it's like in everyone's kitchen -
O wonderful publicity!
The history of the Deutsche Zeitung and the National-Zeitung began with the Dessauische Zeitung for the youth and their friends , which Becker was still publishing when he was a teacher at the Dessau Philanthropinum . After he had finished his job there and had fallen out with his friend Christian Gotthilf Salzmann on the project to set up his own educational institution, he found himself dependent on his work as a newspaper publisher. With a loan from Georg Joachim Göschen of 400 thalers, he founded the Deutsche Zeitung for young people and their friends in 1784 .
In the first few years in particular, Becker took over the content of other periodicals for political news and reports from abroad, but mainly the articles should come from the direct experience of the journal's correspondents. The state of the Enlightenment should therefore be authentically documented using facts and examples, with the positive examples being given preference in the sense of enlightenment optimism, and he asks his "all Mr. Correspondents once again" to tell [him] nothing but the truth, and rather The basis for his circle of correspondents was formed by the contacts that Becker had made with the Dessau Philanthropist, and as a result he was constantly striving to expand this circle by addressing suitable people by letter or by appealing to them in the newspaper . This way of working includes a somewhat unusual, very cordial and personal expression in dealings with the free correspondents who were not seen as employees or informers, but as brothers and sisters, united in the common endeavor to improve and educate the human race. The problem here was that numerous letters to the newspaper were also made anonymously and the truth of the matter could often not be verified.
Because of an article in the National-Zeitung , Becker was arrested by the French gendarmerie in November 1811 and taken to Magdeburg . He was not released until 17 months later. At the same time, the newspaper was banned in 1812 and 1813.
In 1822 Becker's son Friedrich Gottlieb Becker took over the publishing house and the editor of the National-Zeitung . In 1830 he merged this with the daily newspaper Allgemeine Anzeiger der Deutschen and from then on it appeared under the title Allgemeine Anzeiger und Nationalzeitung der Deutschen . The publication was discontinued in 1850.
literature
- Theodor Brüggemann , Hans-Heino Ewers : Handbook on children's and youth literature. From 1750 to 1800. Vol. 2. Metzler, Stuttgart 1982, pp. 293-299.
- Joachim von Schwarzkopf : About political newspapers and intelligence papers in Saxony, Thuringia, Hesse. Gotha 1802, pp. 31-37, digitized .
- Reinhart Siegert: Positive journalism. Enlightenment public in the interaction of the publicist Rudolph Zacharias Becker with his correspondents. In: Hans-Wolf Jäger (ed.): "Public" in the 18th century. Wallstein, Göttingen 1997, ISBN 3-89244-274-6 , pp. 165-186.
- Annette Uphaus-Wehmeier : For use and pleasure - youth magazines of the 18th century: A contribution to the history of communication. Dissertation Münster 1982. Saur, Munich 1984, ISBN 359821295X , pp. 122-134 (for the Dessauische Zeitung ).
Web links
- National newspaper of the Germans in the newspaper portal of the Bavarian State Library .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Reinhart Siegert: Positive journalism. In: Hans-Wolf Jäger (ed.): "Public" in the 18th century. Göttingen 1997, p. 182.
- ↑ Reinhart Siegert: Positive journalism. In: Hans-Wolf Jäger (ed.): "Public" in the 18th century. Göttingen 1997, p. 165 f.
- ↑ Karl Friedrich Gottlob Wetzel: Prologue to the big stomach. Brockhaus, Leipzig and Altenburg 1815, p. 38 .
- ↑ Maybe only 200 thalers. See Reinhart Siegert: Positive Journalism. In: Hans-Wolf Jäger (ed.): "Public" in the 18th century. Göttingen 1997, p. 168.
- ↑ The Dessauische Zeitung was continued under different management until 1786.
- ^ Deutsche Zeitung September 17, 1785, p. 306.
- ↑ Becker: Sufferings and joys in seventeen monthly French captivity described by himself. A contribution to the characteristics of despotism. Gotha 1814, digitized .