Georg Joachim Göschen

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Georg Joachim Göschen

Georg Joachim Göschen (born April 22, 1752 in Bremen , † April 5, 1828 in Grimma ) was a publisher during the Goethe era. His authors included u. a. Friedrich Schiller , Johann Wolfgang von Goethe , Christoph Martin Wieland and Friedrich Gottlieb Klopstock .

biography

Göschen was the son of a merchant who moved to Vlotho due to financial difficulties after the death of his wife and then went into hiding. Göschen was brought back to Bremen by friends and he lived with Pastor Erhard Heeren in Bremen- Arbergen , who supported the orphan. Göschen completed an apprenticeship as a bookseller at the Cramer bookstore on Obernstrasse in Bremen.

In 1770 he moved to Leipzig and worked for the Siegfried Leberecht Crusius bookstore . From 1783 to 1788 he ran the scholarly bookstore in Dessau . In 1785 he founded GJ Göschen'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung in Leipzig , which under his leadership became one of the most important publishers of Weimar Classicism . From 1786 to 1790 he published the first complete edition of Goethe's works in 8 volumes with a financial failure. From 1785 he edited Schiller's works. He later lost Goethe and Schiller to the publisher Johann Friedrich Cotta . His greatest task was to publish the works of Christoph Martin Wieland . The Wieland edition, published in 1802, comprised 42 volumes.

One of the publisher's illustrators was Johann Heinrich Ramberg .

The publication of the classics did not bring great financial gains; However, he earned by publishing novels, almanacs and non-fiction books.

Göschen endeavored to produce externally attractive books. In 1793 he also founded his own printing company in Leipzig. In 1797 he moved the printing works to Grimma. The Leipzig guild rules stipulated that the books had to appear in Gothic script. On the other hand, he was granted “unrestricted privileges” in Grimma , which enabled him to use modern typographies, including the antique fonts by Giambattista Bodoni and John Baskerville , which he valued . In Grimma, his friend Johann Gottfried Seume worked for him as a proofreader. He published his autobiography Mein Leben in 1813. Göschen himself wrote a comedy and his memories that are now forgotten.

In 1795 he bought an estate in Grimma- Hohnstädt . Here in the Göschenhaus there is now a museum with a Seume memorial , which is largely due to the commitment of local history researcher Renate Sturm-Francke . The successful publishing company was continued by his sons, but then sold to Cotta'sche Verlagbuchhandlung in 1838/39 .

From May 12, 1788, Göschen was married to Henriette Heun (1765–1850), the sister of the writer Carl Heun , and had numerous children. He is the grandfather of the British politicians George Joachim Goschen, 1st Viscount Goschen and Edward Goschen, 1st Baronet . One of his grandsons was the heraldist Oskar Göschen (1824–1900).

Honors

Works

  • Another little flower in Augusten's garden; March 16, 1806. [poem of opportunity]. GJ Göschen, Grimma, Leipzig 1806.
  • About 6 poplars around my house; On the liaison day between my eldest son Carl Friedrich and the maiden Juliane Therese Beyer. By Georg Joachim Goeschen. September 1, 1817. [wedding poem].

literature

  • Dietmar Debes: Georg Joachim Göschen. The typographical achievement of the publisher . University of Graphics and Book Art, Institute for Book Design, Leipzig 1965.
  • Angelika and Bernd Erhard Fischer: Göschenhaus in Grimma . be.bra Verlag, Berlin 1999. ISBN 3-930863-51-0
  • Angelika and Bernd Erhard Fischer: Göschen and Seume , in the series: Menschen und Orte, Edition AB Fischer, Berlin 2015, p. 15 ISBN 3-937434-07-0
  • Stephan Füssel : Georg Joachim Göschen (1752–1828) - a publisher of the late Enlightenment and the classical period , postdoctoral thesis from 1991, Berlin 1999 (special edition 2002), review by Horst Meyer
  • Helmut Hiller:  Göschen, Georg Joachim. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 6, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1964, ISBN 3-428-00187-7 , pp. 541-543 ( digitized version ).
  • Ernst Kelchner :  Göschen, Georg Joachim . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 9, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1879, pp. 398-403.
  • Andrea Struck: Publishing policy in Leipzig. Illustrated by way of example at Verlag Georg Joachim Göschen in the second half of the 18th century , Tectum Verlag 2005. ISBN 3-8288-8800-3
  • Eberhard Zänker: Georg Joachim Göschen: bookseller, printer, publisher, writer - a life in Leipzig and Grimma-Hohnstädt , Sax-Verlag, 1996. ISBN 3-930076-27-6
  • Dirk Sangmeister: People who want to know a lot also sometimes know too much better. As a proofreader in the service of Georg Joachim Göschen. In: Ders .: Seume and some of his contemporaries. Erfurt u. Waltershausen: Ulenspiegel, 2010. pp. 82–112.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Alheidis von Rohr :  Ramberg, Johann Heinrich. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 21, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2003, ISBN 3-428-11202-4 , p. 128 f. ( Digitized version ).
  2. ↑ Angelika and Bernd Erhard Fischer: Göschenhaus in Grimma . be.bra Verlag, Berlin 1999, p. 15
personal data
SURNAME Göschen, Georg Joachim
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German publisher
DATE OF BIRTH April 22, 1752
PLACE OF BIRTH Bremen
DATE OF DEATH April 5, 1828
Place of death Grimma