Historical Museum Dnipro
Coordinates: 48 ° 27 ′ 21 ″ N , 35 ° 3 ′ 50 ″ E
The Dnipro Historical Museum ( Ukrainian Дніпровський історичний музей , Russian Днепровский исторический музей ) is a museum in the Ukrainian city of Dnipro that has been in existence since 1849 . It is located in the historic “ Student Palace ” on Dmytro-Jawornyzkyj-Prospect on October Square .
history
Public Museum of the Yekaterinoslav Governorate
In February 1849, at the initiative of the Director of the Municipal Gymnasium JD Grachow ( Я. Д. Грахов ), with support from AJ fab (Russian А. Я. Фабр ), the "Public Museum of yekaterinoslav governorate " (Russian Общественный музеум Екатеринославской губернии ) founded. It was the first museum of the governorate and was located in the student palace (at that time "Potemkin Palace") which belonged to the "aristocratic assembly of the governorate" (Russian Дворянское губернское собрание ) - the representation of the nobles, similar to the historic diets .
The Russian-Ukrainian ethnographer and archaeologist Alexander Tereschchenko (Russian Александр Власьевич Терещенко ) admired the museum with its numerous historical exhibits on his trip through New Russia in 1852.
At the time of the Crimean War , the museum was moved to the building of the city high school (today's medical-prophylactic corpus of the State Medical Academy of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine on October Square ), as a hospital for war wounded was housed in the student palace . At that time, the museum housed archaeological finds, regional antiquities and stone sculptures, as well as relics from ancient Egypt and Greece, as well as various coins, rock samples and paleontological remains. This also included an Egyptian mummy of a woman with child, which, according to legend, was brought from Egypt by the governor AJ Fabr.
In the first ten years of its existence, the museum had grown very rapidly thanks to donations from residents. From 1860 to 1900, however, it received little financial support and was more reminiscent of a classroom than a museum. It stayed in the grammar school until the beginning of the 20th century.
Oleksandr Pol's private museum
From 1902 the extensive private collection of the archaeologist, writer, social activist, entrepreneur and first honorary citizen of today's Dnipro Oleksandr Pol (Ukrainian Олександр Миколайович Поль ) became part of today's museum . It comprised around 4770 exhibits. In 1887, Pol opened a private museum in four rooms of his own house on Kathedralenplatz (today's Oktoberplatz). The exhibits came mainly from his archaeological excursions in the Yekaterinoslav governorate, mainly around Krywyj Rih .
Most important were the relics of the Zaporozhian Cossacks and the hetmanate , to whom Pol, as a descendant of the hetman Pavlo Polubotok, had a special relationship. His museum was also home to Egyptian antiques and cult objects as well as a large numismatic collection and various works of art.
After Pol's death in 1890, a public initiative was launched to establish a government museum in his honor. This was all the more topical when the poor relative began to sell the exhibits in the collection. While Pol was still alive, people spoke of a value of 200,000 silver rubles .
A memorial plaque in honor of Pol was hung in 1998 on the site of the former private museum.
Oblast Museum named after Olexander Pol
It took almost ten years before the local administration (the aristocratic assembly) and the intellectuals could be convinced by the initiators to keep the museum. On May 6, 1902, the " Oblast Museum named after Olexander Pol" was opened in the building of the commercial school (Russian Коммерческого училища ). Soon afterwards it moved back to the student palace .
Gradually, the works of the "Public Museum of the Yekaterinoslav Gouvernement" and the Pol's private collection were brought together and expanded with objects from various other private collections (including those of Dmitro Jawornizki, who later became director and namesake). The collection of the new museum grew in the first decade from 300 to over 10,000 exhibits, divided into nine areas.
The new building of the museum was designed by the architects GK Sandezko (Russian Г. К. Сандецкого ) and GI Panafutin (Russian Г. И. Панафутина ), who built it on the model of the ETA Hoffmann house in Berlin. During this period under the new museum director D. Jawornyzkyj, the museum was transformed into a showcase museum. Thus wrote W. Giljarowski (Russian В. Гиляровский ) «Музей - Украине всей краса…; »(German:" Museum - the Ukraine of all splendor ...; "). In addition, D. Jawornyzkyj gave a catalog with the museum exhibits and some reports on the work of the museum in 1905 and 1910.
National Historical Museum of Dnipropetrovsk named after Dmytro Jawornyzkyj
The museum was renamed after the death of the Ukrainian ethnographer , historian and lexicographer Dmytro Jawornyzkyj (Russian Dmitro Jawornizki ) in 1940. The official name is National Historical Museum of Dnipropetrovsk named after Dmytro Jawornyzkyj (Ukrainian Дніпропетровський національний історичний музей імені Дмитра Яворницького , Russian Днепропетровский национальный исторический музей имени Д. И. Яворницкого ).
collection
The museum has a larger collection of late Copper Age / Early Bronze Age stone sculptures from the region that are on display next to the museum.
Web links
- Official homepage of the Dnipro Historical Museum (Ukrainian)
- Official homepage of the Historical Museum Dnipro (Russian)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m History of the Dnepropetrovsk Historical Museum. In: http://ru.museum.dp.ua/ . Retrieved May 3, 2015 (Russian, original title: История Днепропетровского национального исторического музея им. Д.И. Яворницкого).
- ^ History of the Dnipro National Historical Museum on the museum website; accessed on June 15, 2017 (Ukrainian)