Nauset Archeological District
| Nauset Archeological District | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| National Register of Historic Places | |||
| National Historic Landmark District | |||
| Historic District Contributing Property | |||
 Historical map of Nauset Harbor by Samuel de Champlain , 1605 |
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| location | Eastham , Massachusetts , United States | ||
| Coordinates | 41 ° 49 '8 " N , 69 ° 57' 46.4" W | ||
| surface | 37.7 acres (15.3 hectares ) | ||
| Built | approx. 4000 BC Chr. | ||
| NRHP number | 93000607 | ||
| Data | |||
| The NRHP added | April 19, 1993 | ||
| As NHLD declared | April 19, 1993 | ||
| Declared as CP | April 5, 2001 | ||
The Nauset Archeological District is a 15-acre archaeological monument located near Eastham in the state of Massachusetts in the United States . The area is part of the Cape Cod National Seashore and was listed as a National Historic Landmark District on the National Register of Historic Places in 1993. It has also been a Contributing Property of the Fort Hill Rural Historic District since 2001 .
description
The Nauset Archeological District consists of six separate excavations that total over 15 hectares. The area is located on the north or north-west coast of the Nauset Marsh , which borders the 5.5 km² Nauset Harbor lagoon . This in turn forms part of the east coast of the Cape Cod National Seashore, established in 1961, near the city of Eastham.
Between 1978 and 1985, the National Park Service carried out archaeological explorations in an area of around 4 km² and identified around 200 sites of historical and prehistoric importance. Twenty of these were selected for further investigation, six of which were dated to the era known as the Historic Contact Period and were included in the National Register of Historic Places. The locations roughly corresponded to the positions on the map drawn by Samuel de Champlain in 1605. The first documented contact between Europeans and the Nauset Bay Indians is an exploration of the area by Bartholomew Gosnold in 1602.
Expeditions into the area continued over the decades, and it is now known from the records that the Nauset Bay Indians were a relatively stable community, able to feed on the abundant and diverse food resources of a subsistence economy . The salt marshes , wetlands and forests in the area made it possible for the Indians to inhabit their villages all year round, which were therefore larger and more finely structured than comparable settlements of the Hurons or Iroquois .
With the help of the radiocarbon method , finds from the archaeological investigations were dated to the late woodland period, which proves the historical settlement of the area by the indigenous people. Further samples, however, go back to the late Archaic period , which means that this site has been used since around 4000 BC. Was proven.
See also
- List of entries on the National Register of Historic Places in Barnstable County
- List of National Historic Landmarks in Massachusetts
literature
- James Axtell: The invasion within: the contest of cultures in Colonial North America . Ed .: American Council of Learned Societies (= The Cultural origins of North America . No. 1 ). Oxford University Press, New York 1985, ISBN 978-0-19-503596-4 (English).
- Christopher L. Borstel: Prehistory site Chronology: A preliminary report . In: United States National Park Service, North Atlantic Regional Office, Division of Cultural Resources (Ed.): Chapters in the archeology of Cape Cod, I: results of the Cape Cod National Seashore Archeological Survey, 1979-1981 (= Francis P. McManamon [Ed.]: Cultural resources management study . No. 8 ). National Park Service, US Dept. of the Interior, Boston 1984, OCLC 186509659 , p. 231-313 (English).
- Francis P. McManamon, James W. Bradley: The Indian Neck Ossuary and Late Woodland Prehistory in Southern New England . In: United States National Park Service, North Atlantic Regional Office, Division of Cultural Resources (eds.): The Indian Neck Ossuary: Chapters in the Archeology of Cape Cod, V (= Francis P. McManamon, James W. Bradley, Ann L . Magennis [Ed.]: Cultural resources management study . No. 17 ). National Park Service, US Dept. of the Interior, Boston 1986, OCLC 692563347 , pp. 1-47 (English).
- Francis P. McManamon, Robert S. Grumet: National Historic Landmark Nomination. (PDF) Massachusetts Cultural Resource Information System, April 17, 1992, accessed on December 25, 2017 (English, accessible via the "NR" button).
- Patricia E. Rubertone: Changes in the Coastal Wilderness: Historical Land Use Patterns on Outer Cape Cod, 17th-19th Centuries . In: United States National Park Service, North Atlantic Regional Office, Division of Cultural Resources (ed.): Chapters in the Archeology of Cape Cod, III: The Historic Period and Historic Period Archeology (= Francis P. McManamon [ed.]: Cultural Resources Management Study . No. 13 ). National Park Service, US Dept. of the Interior, Boston 1985, OCLC 261574245 , pp. 17-124 (English).
Individual evidence
- ↑ Listing of National Historic Landmarks by State: Massachusetts. National Park Service , accessed August 11, 2019.
- ↑ a b cf. McManamon / Grumet, p. 4.
- ↑ a b cf. McManamon / Grumet, p. 10.
- ↑ cf. McManamon / Grumet, p. 11.