Nebcars

Names of Nebkare
	King's cartouche of Nebkare in the King's List of Saqqara

Nebkare is the maiden name of an ancient Egyptian king ( Pharaoh ) who presumably ruled in the 3rd dynasty . Although Nebkare is documented at the time, the assignment of the name Nebkare is controversial in Egyptology .

supporting documents

On the second unfinished pyramid in Zawiyet el-aryan , numerous inscriptions were found on limestone and granite blocks ; Among other things, it reads: “Nebkare, Lord of the Two Lands”, although the entry was not provided with a royal cartouche .

Another entry, which is only fragmentarily preserved in a royal cartouche , ends with the Ka symbol. The first sign cannot be reconstructed beyond doubt. An alternative reading as Neferkare is therefore problematic, or rather, cannot be assumed with certainty.

The further possibility that it could be the name of Nebka can therefore only be ruled out if Nebka can be unequivocally identified with Sanacht . This would automatically prove that Nebkare would be another independent king.

In Egyptology there are also doubts as to when the name of birth was first spelled in connection with royal cartouches, as this custom has only been regularly traceable since Huni .

Assignments

Jürgen von Beckerath and Rainer Hannig equate Nebkare with the Greek name Mesochris handed down from Manetho (Africanus) and also with Neferkare and, like Thomas Schneider, see him as the successor to Hudjefa II and Sedjes as well as the predecessor of Huni .

In the list of kings of Abydos , Neferkare is listed as the successor to Sedjes. In the Turin King List a king Nebkare is not mentioned.

literature

Jürgen von Beckerath: Handbook of the ancient Egyptian king names . von Zabern, Mainz 1999, ISBN 3-8053-2591-6 , pp. 51-52.
Iorwerth Eiddon Stephen Edwards : The Cambridge ancient History, Vol. 1, 3rd vol. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2006 (Reprint), ISBN 0-521-07791-5
Rainer Hannig: Large Concise Dictionary Egyptian-German: (2800 - 950 BC) . von Zabern, Mainz 2006, ISBN 3-8053-1771-9 , p. 1284.
Stephan J. Seidlmayer: The Relative Chronology of Dynasty 3. In: Erik Hornung, Rolf Krauss, David A. Warburton (Eds.): Ancient Egyptian Chronology (= Handbook of Oriental studies. Section One. The Near and Middle East. Volume 83 ). Brill, Leiden / Boston 2006, ISBN 978-90-04-11385-5 , pp. 116-123 ( online ).
Thomas Schneider: Lexicon of the Pharaohs . Albatros, Düsseldorf 2002, ISBN 3-491-96053-3 , pp. 163, 174 and 315.

Individual evidence

↑ The proper name, as it is introduced from the 4th dynasty with "Sa Ra", did not yet exist at this time, which is why the transfer to proper name (Pharaoh) is basically problematic. The formulation proper name is based on Jürgen von Beckerath : Handbuch der Ägyptischen Könignames .
↑ ^a ^b Thomas Schneider: Lexicon of the Pharaohs . P. 163.

predecessor	Office	successor
Hudjefa II.	King of Egypt 3rd Dynasty	Huni

personal data
SURNAME	Nebcars
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Neferkare, Mesochris
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	ancient Egyptian king of the 3rd dynasty
DATE OF BIRTH	27th century BC Chr.
DATE OF DEATH	27th century BC Chr.

[1] The proper name, as it is introduced from the 4th dynasty with "Sa Ra", did not yet exist at this time, which is why the transfer to proper name (Pharaoh) is basically problematic. The formulation proper name is based on Jürgen von Beckerath : Handbuch der Ägyptischen Könignames .

[S163-2] Thomas Schneider: Lexicon of the Pharaohs . P. 163.