New Cameroon

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
New Cameroon (orange)

As Neukamerun an area in central Africa has been called, the result of the Second Moroccan Crisis through the so-called Morocco-Congo agreement of 4 November 1911 by France as compensation for colonial activities in Morocco to the German Empire ceded and the German colony of Cameroon was annexed.

history

The aim of German policy was to obtain direct access to the navigable Congo and, in view of the expected division of the Belgian Congo to other European colonial powers, to create a favorable starting position for rounding off German colonial holdings in Central Africa . In this context, the term "German Congo" was also used.

In the Peace Treaty of Versailles in 1919 it was determined that New Cameroon would be subject to French colonial rule in French Equatorial Africa without replacement .

Today the areas of New Cameroon belong to Gabon , the Republic of the Congo , the Central African Republic and the Republic of Chad .

Territory and administrative structure

France ceded parts of its colony, French Equatorial Africa, to Germany. The area on the eastern and southern edge of the former German colony of Cameroon was 295,000 km². At the same time, France received the so-called “ duck's bill ”, an area of ​​12,000 km² between Logone and Schari in northeast Cameroon, from Germany. The German new acquisitions of this exchange were referred to as New Cameroon , occasionally also in comparison to the rounding off of Germany by the French Alsace-Lorraine as "Congolese Alsace".

The handover to German administrative bodies (military or civil administration) took place in several steps. Under German sovereignty, the area was divided into seven independent districts and three post areas attached to existing districts:

  • Muni district (seat: Ukoko)
  • District Wolö-Ntem (seat Ojem)
  • Iwindo district ( united with parts of the old Ebolowa district , seat: Akoafim)
  • Post area Eta (to the old district Lomié )
  • Ngoila Guard Area (to Jukaduma Old District )
  • Lower Ssanga District (Headquarters: Ikelemba)
  • Central Ssanga-Lobaye District (Headquarters: Mbaiki )
  • District Ober-Ssanga-Uham (seat: Carnot)
  • District Ober-Logone (seat: Bumo)
  • Post area Lere (for Residentur Garua )

Others

  • A place in the Kolmar district in the Prussian province of Posen had this name for a time.
  • New Cameroon is the name of a settlement on Lake Zeesen in Königs Wusterhausen.

See also

literature

  • Karl Ritter : New Cameroon. The territory ceded by France to Germany in the Agreement of November 4, 1911. Described on the basis of the communications available so far (= publications of the Reich Colonial Office. No. 4). Jena: Fischer, 1912. ( archive.org ).
  • Emil Zimmermann: New Cameroon - Travel Experiences and Economic Policy Studies . Mittler, Berlin 1913.
  • Hugo Marquardsen : The border areas of Cameroon in the south and east. Mainly based on the results of the border expeditions . Mittler, Berlin 1914.

Web link