Nikolai Alexandrowitsch Morozov (revolutionary)

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Nikolai Morosov (1910)
Glance into the former study in Borok

Nikolai Alexandrovich Morozov ( Russian Николай Александрович Морозов , scientific. Transliteration Nikolai Aleksandrovich Morozov ; * June 25 . Jul / 7. July  1854 greg. On the estate Borok in the province of Yaroslavl , † the 30th July 1946 ) was a Russian revolutionary and Masonic who dealt with astronomy , chemistry and history , among other things .

Tsarist Russia

Morosow spent almost 25 years in tsarist imprisonment for spreading revolutionary ideas. Soon after his release in 1906, he was appointed professor of astronomy in Saint Petersburg . In addition, Morosow taught chemistry at the university there. He became a member of almost all scientific societies in Russia, chairman of the Society for Natural History, even a member of the aero club. In 1907 he was elected a member of the Duma , but as a former political prisoner was not allowed to take up this post.

After the October Revolution

From 1918 Morosow was head of the large P. F. Lesgaft Institute for Natural Sciences in Petrograd , from 1924 Leningrad, and was the editor of the scientific journal of this institute. He made mainly recognized contributions to chemistry, but was also active in areas of mathematics and physics (e.g. relativity theory, meteorology and astronomy). With the development of new mathematical-astronomical methods, he also intended to make a contribution to the dating problem of historical events on the basis of celestial constellations. Lenin gave Morosow back his former estate in 1923 because of his revolutionary and scientific merits, where Morosow spent the last years of his life until his death. In 1931, however, he bequeathed most of the estate to the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, which turned it into a recreation center for academy members. In 1932 he was elected an honorary member of the Academy of Sciences. Until 1946 his active publishing activity in the scientific and literary field continued, u. a. also published his memoirs in several editions.

After Morosow's death, the house where he was born was converted into a museum dedicated to him.

Main work

Morosow himself saw his findings in the field of chronology research, which he applied primarily to the Bible, as his greatest achievement.

His book "The Revelation of St. John - An Astronomical-Historical Investigation" saw three editions in a short time. The German edition with a foreword by Arthur Drews appeared in 1912. From late 1907, Morozov gave public lectures in major Russian cities on his view of the Revelation of John . He found a growing number of enthusiastic supporters, but also bitter hatred and resistance from circles of the Orthodox Church , which soon got the government banned from lecturing against him. The following year the book was placed on the index and was no longer allowed to be distributed. Because of another book ( Star Songs ) on this subject, Morosow was again sentenced to one year imprisonment.

Morosow put forward two theses on the revelation of John:

Morosow's main work was ultimately the book Christ - History of Human Culture from a Scientific Perspective , published in seven volumes from 1924 to 1932 . However, three further volumes planned and executed as manuscripts remained unpublished. The work processed the findings of his extensive chronological biblical research, which he had worked out after 1918 together with some employees of the Lesgaft Institute through a detailed analysis of the Bible and the historical documents that are assigned to the biblical historical periods. His research in this regard was controversial both in religious circles as well as in the institute and among fellow scientists and politicians. The latter made the publication difficult. The disputes, petitions, letters to Lenin, and expert reports on Morosov's work (e.g. by the Soviet Minister of Education, Anatoly Lunacharsky ) dragged on for four years until the first volume was published in 1924.

aftermath

A number of other theorists, most of whom did not come from classical historical studies, were inspired by Morosov's research and took up ideas from his chronological-historical works, such as Anatoly Timofejewitsch Fomenko when working out his New Chronology . Even Immanuel Velikovsky be attributed to acquisitions from the ideas Morozov. In his writings critical of chronology, the Swiss historian Christoph Pfister also refers to Morosow's work.

The asteroid (1210) Morosovia has been named after Morosow since 1931, the Possjolok imeni Morosowa settlement since 1922 and the former Schliisselburg gunpowder factory in today 's Leningrad Oblast in Russia, as well as streets in various cities in Russia.

literature

  • The Revelation of St. John's - An Astronomical-Historical Investigation . Stuttgart 1912, 223 pages (Russian 1907).
  • Periodic systems of the structure of matter - theory of the formation of chemical elements . Moscow 1907, 483 pages, 55 lithographed plates [manuscript 1906]
  • The basics of the qualitative analysis of mathematical physics ., 402 pages, 22 tables and 89 pictures. 1908.
  • Laws of resistance in the motion of bodies in elastic space . 1908, 66 pages.
  • The basics of vector algebra as they emerge from pure mathematics . 1909, with 88 illustrations and 2 plates.
  • Christ - History of Human Culture from a Scientific Perspective . 7 volumes. Moscow 1924-1932.

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personal data
SURNAME Morozov, Nikolai Alexandrovich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Морозов, Николай Александрович; Morozov, Nikolaj Aleksandrovič (scientific transliteration)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian astronomer and chemist
DATE OF BIRTH July 7, 1854
PLACE OF BIRTH Borok Manor, Yaroslavl Governorate
DATE OF DEATH July 30, 1946
Place of death Borok settlement, Yaroslavl Oblast