Nilvadipine

Structural formula
	Structural formula without stereochemistry
General
Surname	Nilvadipine
other names	( RS ) -5-Isopropyl-3-methyl-2-cyano-1,4-dihydro-6-methyl-4- (3-nitrophenyl) -3,5-pyridinedicarboxylate ( IUPAC ) ; CL 287389;
Molecular formula	C 19 H 19 N 3 O 6
Brief description	yellowish granules
External identifiers / databases
EC number	805-887-5
ECHA InfoCard	100.232.871
PubChem	4494
DrugBank	DB06712
Wikidata	Q7037489
Drug information
ATC code	C08 CA10
Drug class	Calcium antagonist
properties
Molar mass	385.4 g · mol -1
Physical state	firmly
Melting point	148-150 ° C
solubility	soluble in ethanol
safety instructions
	Please note the exemption from the labeling requirement for drugs, medical devices, cosmetics, food and animal feed
GHS labeling of hazardous substances Caution
H and P phrases	H: 302
	P: ?
	As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Nilvadipine ( INN ) is a calcium antagonist , this is a dihydropyridine derivative. This drug acts as an antihypertensive agent and has a longer duration of action compared to nifedipine .

Type and duration of the effect

Nilvadipine is used as an antihypertensive agent. According to other studies, it also lowers total cholesterol and LDL levels , while HDL levels increase. Long-term studies have shown that it can also reduce the risk of atherosclerosis.

Nilvadipine can increase cardiac volume and pulmonary artery pressure in heart failure. If angina pectoris is present, it increases the coronal blood flow and reduces oxygen consumption.

The effect lasts 24 hours and thus two to three times longer than nifedipine. The half-life in the body is 15 to 20 hours.

Absorption and distribution in the body

The nilvadipine administered orally to the body is chemically converted in the liver so that less than 0.3% of the ingested substance is found in the excretions. 70 to 80% of the resulting products are passed through the kidneys into the urine, the rest is excreted in the stool .

Stereochemistry

Nilvadipine contains a stereocenter and is therefore chiral . There are two enantiomeric forms, ( R ) -form and ( S ) -form. However, only the racemate , i.e. a 1: 1 mixture of the ( R ) -enantiomer and the ( S ) -enantiomer, has practical significance :

Enantiomers of nilvadipine
CAS no. 109545-29-1	CAS no. 109545-30-4

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c F. v. Bruchhausen, G. Dannhardt, S. Ebel, AW Frahm, E. Hackenthal, U. Holzgrabe (Eds.): Hager's Handbook of Pharmaceutical Practice: Volume 8: Substances EO , Springer Verlag, Berlin, Edition 5, 2013, p. 1166, ISBN 978-3-642-63428-4 , doi : 10.1007 / 978-3-642-57994-3 .
↑ Template: CL Inventory / not harmonized There is not yet a harmonized classification for this substance . A labeling of Nilvadipine in the Classification and Labeling Inventory of the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), which was retrieved on November 28, 2017, is reproduced from a self-classification by the distributor .
↑ ^a ^b G. Bönner, E. Fritschka (Ed.): Calcium antagonists in clinic and practice . Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1991, p. 45, ISBN 978-3-642-75411-1 , (e-book).
↑ Pe (Ed.): Nilvadipine in high pressure therapy: calcium antagonist with a beneficial effect on lipid metabolism . Deutsches Ärzteblatt, Issue 9, pp. A ₁ -666, May 5, 1993.
↑ ^a ^b Pe (ed.): Long-term studies with nilvadipine . Deutsches Ärzteblatt, issue 40, pp. A ₁ -2640, 1993.
↑ G. Bönner, E. Fritschka (Ed.): Calcium antagonists in clinic and practice . Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1991, p. 47, ISBN 978-3-642-75411-1 , (e-book).
↑ M. Middeke (Ed.): Arterielle Hypertonie: 78 tables , George Thieme Verlag KG, Stuttgart, 2005, p. 185, ISBN 3-13-126521-3 .
↑ ^a ^b Rote Liste Service GmbH (Ed.): Rote Liste 2017 - drug directory for Germany (including EU approvals and certain medical devices) . Rote Liste Service GmbH, Frankfurt / Main, 2017, edition 57, p. 204, ISBN 978-3-946057-10-9 .
↑ G. Bönner, E. Fritschka (Ed.): Calcium antagonists in clinic and practice . Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1991, p. 46, ISBN 978-3-642-75411-1 , (e-book).

[Hager-1] F. v. Bruchhausen, G. Dannhardt, S. Ebel, AW Frahm, E. Hackenthal, U. Holzgrabe (Eds.): Hager's Handbook of Pharmaceutical Practice: Volume 8: Substances EO , Springer Verlag, Berlin, Edition 5, 2013, p. 1166, ISBN 978-3-642-63428-4 , doi : 10.1007 / 978-3-642-57994-3 .

[ECHA-2] Template: CL Inventory / not harmonized There is not yet a harmonized classification for this substance . A labeling of Nilvadipine in the Classification and Labeling Inventory of the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), which was retrieved on November 28, 2017, is reproduced from a self-classification by the distributor .

[Bönner2-3] G. Bönner, E. Fritschka (Ed.): Calcium antagonists in clinic and practice . Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1991, p. 45, ISBN 978-3-642-75411-1 , (e-book).

[4] Pe (Ed.): Nilvadipine in high pressure therapy: calcium antagonist with a beneficial effect on lipid metabolism . Deutsches Ärzteblatt, Issue 9, pp. A ₁ -666, May 5, 1993.

[Pe-5] Pe (ed.): Long-term studies with nilvadipine . Deutsches Ärzteblatt, issue 40, pp. A ₁ -2640, 1993.

[Bönner3-6] G. Bönner, E. Fritschka (Ed.): Calcium antagonists in clinic and practice . Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1991, p. 47, ISBN 978-3-642-75411-1 , (e-book).

[Middeke-7] M. Middeke (Ed.): Arterielle Hypertonie: 78 tables , George Thieme Verlag KG, Stuttgart, 2005, p. 185, ISBN 3-13-126521-3 .

[Rote_Liste-8] Rote Liste Service GmbH (Ed.): Rote Liste 2017 - drug directory for Germany (including EU approvals and certain medical devices) . Rote Liste Service GmbH, Frankfurt / Main, 2017, edition 57, p. 204, ISBN 978-3-946057-10-9 .

[Bönner-9] G. Bönner, E. Fritschka (Ed.): Calcium antagonists in clinic and practice . Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1991, p. 46, ISBN 978-3-642-75411-1 , (e-book).