Nusa Kambangan
| Nusa Kambangan | ||
|---|---|---|
| Waters | Indian Ocean | |
| Archipelago | Sunda Islands | |
| Geographical location | 7 ° 44 ′ S , 108 ° 55 ′ E | |
|
||
| length | 30 km | |
| width | 6 km | |
| surface | 121 km² | |
| Residents | 3000 25 inhabitants / km² |
|
Nusa Kambangan , also Nusakambangan or Nusa Kembangan , is an Indonesian island off the south coast of Java , in the Indian Ocean . It covers an area of 121 km² and is located opposite the port of Cilacap in the province of Central Java . Because of the numerous prisons there , in which convicted murderers , terrorists , drug traffickers and those convicted of serious corruption cases are incarcerated, it is called " Alcatraz of Indonesia".
history
Nusa Kambangan was used as a prison island during the Dutch colonial era . The governor of the Dutch East Indies had a maximum security prison built for serious criminals and political dissidents in the 1920s .
Even after the Indonesian declaration of independence , the place was still used as a prison island. Hundreds of political dissidents were sentenced to prison terms on the island during President Suharto's rule . Most of them were members of the banned Indonesian Communist Party , but also the poet Pramoedya Ananta Toer .
In 1996 the island was finally opened for tourism.
In an earthquake in July 2006 , eight people were killed by the resulting tidal wave, including two inmates of Permisan Prison. At least another 11 villagers and 15 prison inmates were missing.
geography
Nusa Kambangan is separated from the island of Java by the Segara Anakan Strait . Due to its isolated location, the island is relatively sparsely populated and has a rich fauna and flora. On the east side of a bay is a nature reserve with an old Dutch fortress on Karangbandung Beach. The island is rich in tropical rainforest . There are 14 species of reptiles, various mammals and over 70 species of birds, 23 of which are protected.
population
With the exception of prison inmates and staff, the island is home to around 3,000 people, most of whom are Javanese . They are mainly engaged in fishing, some also work on rubber and teak plantations. However, the island's natural diversity is threatened by illegal logging , largely carried out by non-locals. An area of 30 km² is therefore acutely threatened.
Prisons
Nine prisons were built on the island, four of which are still in use today:
- Permisan Prison (built in 1908)
- Batu Prison (1925)
- Besi Prison (1929)
- Kembangkuning Prison (1950)
Five prisons are out of order:
- Nirbaya Prison (1912)
- Karanganyar Prison (1912)
- Karangtengah Prison (1928)
- Gliger Prison (1929)
- Limusbuntu Prison (1935)
With the exception of Kembangkuning Prison, which dates from after the Indonesian Declaration of Independence, all of these prisons were built under Dutch rule. The best known is the Batu prison (literally "stone prison").
Known inmates
Among those sentenced to prison terms on the island include:
- Pramoedya Ananta Toer , writer, sentenced as a political prisoner
- Bob Hasan, former forestry minister, convicted of corruption charges
- Imam Samudra, Amrozi bin Nurhasyim and Huda bin Abdul Haq , because of their leading role in the 2002 Bali bombings sentenced and 9 November 2008 by firing squad executed were
- Tommy Suharto , son of former President Suharto, convicted of incitement to murder his judge
Hundreds of members of the Free Aceh movement were also held captive on Nusa Kambangan, but were later released as part of the peace negotiations.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Page no longer available , search in web archives: Eleven Parmisan villagers still lost Liputan 6 SCTV
- ↑ At least 105 dead as Indonesia's tsunami nightmare returns ( Memento of the original from September 25, 2006 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Antara News Agency
- ↑ Enhancement of Community Management Land in Nusa Kambangan under A Collaborative Management Scheme ( Memento of the original from March 12, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Small Grants Program for Operations to Promote Tropical Forests in Southeast Asia, UNDP
- ↑ Mencari Makna Kemerdekaan Manusia dari Nusa Kambangan Sinar Harapan newspaper
- ↑ Aceh rebels released as part of peace deal . International Herald Tribune . Retrieved June 11, 2012.
