Chloronitrobenzenes

Chloronitrobenzenes
Surname	2-chloronitrobenzene	3-chloronitrobenzene	4-chloronitrobenzene
other names	o -chloronitrobenzene	m -chloronitrobenzene	p -chloronitrobenzene
Structural formula
CAS number	88-73-3	121-73-3	100-00-5
PubChem	6945	8489	7474
Molecular formula	C 6 H 4 ClNO 2
Molar mass	157.56 g mol −1
Physical state	firmly
Melting point	31-33 ° C	43-47 ° C	80-83 ° C
boiling point	246 ° C	236 ° C	242 ° C
density	1.348 g cm −3 (25 ° C)	1.534 g cm −3 (25 ° C)	1.298 g cm −3 (25 ° C)
Vapor pressure	0.04 mm Hg (25 ° C)		0.09 mm Hg (25 ° C)
solubility			0.45 g / l (24 ° C)
Flash point			127 ° C
GHS labeling	danger	Caution	danger
H and P phrases	301-311	302-400	301-311-331 341-351-373-411
	no EUH phrases	no EUH phrases	no EUH phrases
	280-301 + 310-312	273	261-273-280-301 + 310-311
LD 50			420 mg kg −1 oral, rat

In chemistry , the chloronitrobenzenes form a group of substances that are derived from both nitrobenzene and chlorobenzene . The structure consists of a benzene ring with attached nitro group  (–NO ₂ ) and chlorine  (–Cl) as substituents . Their different arrangement results in three constitutional isomers with the empirical formula C ₆ H ₄ ClNO ₂ .

Extraction and presentation

Chlornitrobenzolisomere can nitration of chlorobenzene in the presence of sulfuric acid derived.

Synthesis of chloronitrobenzene isomers with indication of the relative yields in%

properties

The p -chloronitrobenzene, which has the highest symmetry, has the highest melting point.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e} data sheet 1-Chloro-2-nitrobenzene from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on November 5, 2016 ( PDF ).
2. ↑ ^{a b c d} data sheet 1-Chloro-3-nitrobenzene from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on November 5, 2016 ( PDF ).
3. ↑ ^{a b c d e} data sheet 1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on November 5, 2016 ( PDF ).
4. ↑ ^{a b c} Entry for CAS no. 100-00-5 in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on January 6, 2012(JavaScript required) .