Colmar Higher Regional Court

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The Court of Appeal Colmar ( OLG Colmar ) was as Court of Appeal from 1871 to 1918 the highest court in Alsace-Lorraine , located in Colmar .

history

In the empire

After the Franco-German War in 1870/71, the area was incorporated into the newly founded German Empire with the Peace of Frankfurt . The transfer of territory under international law took place on March 2, 1871, the day the Versailles preliminary peace came into force ; Alsace-Lorraine only became an integral part of the Reich territory in the constitutional sense on June 28, 1871, with the entry into force of the Reich Law of June 9, 1871 on the unification of Alsace and the district of Lorraine with the German Empire .

The Imperial Higher Appeal Court of Colmar was set up in 1871 as the highest court in the new empire of Alsace-Lorraine .

According to the law of June 14, 1871, the language of the court was German. Since the Reichsland was predominantly German-speaking, but there was a strong French-speaking minority, a decree of December 17, 1874 set the court language differently to French for a number of French-speaking communities.

With the German Courts Constitution Act of 1877, a nationwide uniform court organization was created for the first time. The Colmar Higher Appeal Court was transformed into the Colmar Higher Regional Court.

Due to the constitution of 1911, the President of the Colmar Higher Regional Court became a constitutional member of the first chamber of the Landtag of the Reichsland Alsace-Lorraine from 1911 .

With the defeat of Germany in World War I , Alsace-Lorraine was again annexed by France . The Higher Regional Court was dissolved and the Cour d'appel de Colmar succeeded it. Its competencies, however, were spatially limited to the Bas-Rhin and the Haut-Rhin , i.e. Alsace . The tasks for the former Lorraine were taken over by the Cour d'appel de Metz . For the different tasks of a German Higher Regional Court and a French Cour d'appel, see court organization in France .

The district court districts of

In 1909 there were three senates at the Colmar Higher Regional Court. In addition to the president of the court and the three senate presidents, 21 judges, three public prosecutors and 28 court officials worked at the court. 13 lawyers were admitted to the Colmar Higher Regional Court. The court had grown continuously. In 1872 there were only 19 court officials, in 1892 already 22. The OLG district comprised 79 district courts .

German occupation during the Second World War

After Germany's victory against France in the western campaign of World War II , large parts of France were occupied by German troops. In the summer of 1940, a German civil administration for Alsace was set up under CdZ Robert Wagner , with the structure of the courts essentially based on the structures from 1918. In the autumn of 1940 the Kolmar Higher Regional Court (spelling with K ) was re-established. It was responsible for the parts of the Gaus Baden-Alsace that belonged to Alsace . A higher regional court senate was introduced in Metz , which was responsible for the CdZ area of ​​Lorraine .

A peculiarity of the legal situation was that the Higher Regional Court of Kolmar was not subordinate to the Reichsgericht : In civil cases, appropriate legal remedies were excluded, in criminal cases the Higher Regional Court took the place of the Reichsgericht. With the reconquest of the affected areas at the end of 1944, French jurisdiction was restored.

building

This prestigious courthouse in Colmar with address 9 avenue Raymond Poincaré (formerly Hohlandsbergwall ) was from 1902 to 1906 by the architect Richard Kuder and Joseph Müller built and stands today as historique monument under monument protection . The monumental staircase in the entrance hall is remarkable.

  • The courthouse

  • The staircase

Hugo Molitor, 1911

Personalities

President

Senate presidents

Judge

Web links

Commons : Cour d'appel de Colmar  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Daniel-Erasmus Khan : The German State Borders , Mohr Siebeck, 2004, Part II, Chap. II section d, p. 66 ff.
  2. ^ Baron Maximilian du Prel: The German Administration for Alsace-Lorraine 1870-1879, memorandum, 1st delivery, page 114
  3. ↑ Statistical Yearbook for Alsace-Lorraine 1909, published by the Statistical Bureau for Alsace-Lorraine, Strasbourg 1909, page 254 ff.
  4. ↑ Ordinance on the Constitution of Courts and Proceedings in Civil Law Matters in Alsace of September 30, 1941 (VOBl. Elsaß p. 595), Section 2, Paragraph 3 , Section 7
  5. ↑ Ordinance on the introduction of German criminal procedural law and other criminal law laws in Alsace (Criminal Procedure Ordinance) of October 29, 1941 (VOBl. Elsaß p. 659), § 11
  6. ^ Reference on a page of the French Ministry of Culture (French) , accessed on January 18, 2013
  7. ↑ For pictures and plans see architekturmuseum.ub.tu-berlin.de
  8. ^ Obituary in: Frankfurter Zeitung, No. 9, January 10, 1916, Abendblatt, p. 3. ( digitized version )

Coordinates: 48 ° 4 '17.4 "  N , 7 ° 21' 3.4"  E