Strasbourg Regional Court

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From 1871 to 1918, the Strasbourg Regional Court was one of six German regional courts in the realm of Alsace-Lorraine with its seat in Strasbourg .

history

Reichsland Alsace-Lorraine

After Alsace-Lorraine was ceded to the German Reich in the Peace of Frankfurt in 1871, the court structure was re-regulated with the law on the amendment of the court constitution of July 14, 1871 and the implementing provisions for this from the same day. The existing arrondissement courts were repealed and regional courts established as courts of first instance. The Strasbourg Regional Court was subordinate to the Colmar Higher Regional Court . The regional court district comprised the district of the arrondissement court Weißenburg , the district of the arrondissement court Strasbourg without the cantons Molsheim and Wasselnheim , from the district of the arrondissement court Zabern the canton Hochfelden and from the district of the arrondissement court Schlettstadt the canton Benfeld- Erstein.

A jury court was set up at the Strasbourg Regional Court, which was responsible for the Strasbourg and Zabern districts.

On October 1, 1879, the changes to the Courts Constitution Act came into force. The entrance courts, which had been called the Friedensgericht in France , were now uniformly incorporated into local courts in the empire .

The following district courts were subordinate to the regional court:

District Court Seat Rhine Shipping Court Number judges
Benfeld District Court Benfeld Yes 1
District Court of Bischweiler Bischweiler Yes 1
Brumath District Court Brumath Yes 1
District court Erstein First stone 0
Local court Hagenau Haguenau 0 1
Hochfelden District Court Hochfelden 0 1
District court Illkirch Illkirch Yes 1
Lauterburg District Court Lauterburg Yes 1
Niederbronn District Court Niederbronn 0 1
District court Schiltigheim Schiltigheim 0 1
Strasbourg District Court Strasbourg Yes 5
District court Sulz u. W. Sulz et al. W. 0 1
Truchtersheim District Court Truchtersheim 0 1
Weissenburg District Court Weissenburg 0 1
District court of Wörth Wörth 0 1

Source see

In 1880 the court had a president, two directors and eleven judges and was responsible for around 350,000 residents.

With the reannexion of Alsace-Lorraine by France after the First World War in 1918, the French judicial organization was reintroduced.

German occupation 1940–1944

After the conquest of Alsace and Lorraine in the summer of 1940, a German civil administration was set up under CdZ Robert Wagner , with the structure of the courts essentially based on the structures from 1918. The previous cantonal courts were converted into local courts , the previous first instance courts into regional courts . The Strasbourg Regional Court was subordinate to the Kolmar Higher Regional Court . From November 1, 1941, Alsace and Lorraine were also subject to the German Courts Constitution Act and the Code of Civil Procedure .

The areas that were subordinate to a CdZ were treated as imperial territory , but not annexed and therefore did not belong to the empire. Nevertheless, at the beginning of 1941, a criminal chamber for political criminal cases and war criminal law was set up at the Strasbourg Regional Court. It was the forerunner of the Special Court for Alsace, which was established in Strasbourg in early 1942 and passed numerous death sentences against opponents of the regime. In 1943, however, the district leader of Rappoltsweiler (today: Ribeauvillé) was sentenced to nine years in prison by the Strasbourg special court, Walther Kirn, as a pest. At the end of 1944, the German occupation collapsed with the advance of the Allies. The old judicial organization was restored.

literature

  • Carl Pfaffenroth: Yearbook of the German Court Constitution, 1880, pp. 417-418, online

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Law on the amendment of the court constitution of July 14, 1871, Official Gazette for Alsace-Lorraine No. 5, 1871, pp. 165 ff., Online
  2. ↑ Ordinance on the implementation of the law, regarding the amendment of the court constitution of July 14, 1871, Law Gazette for Alsace-Lorraine No. 5, 1871, p. 169 ff.
  3. ↑ 1880
  4. ^ The Erstein District Court was only established by ordinance of September 1, 1891 for the district of the canton of Erstein (excluding the municipality of Westhausen) with effect from October 1, 1891. Law Gazette for Alsace-Lorraine 1891, No. 16, p. 104
  5. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. olg_colmar.html # lgzabern. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  6. ↑ Heinz Boberach, Rolf Thommes, Hermann Weiß, Werner Röder, Christoph Weisz (eds.): Offices, abbreviations, actions of the Nazi state. Handbook for the use of sources from the National Socialist era. Office titles, ranks and administrative divisions, abbreviations and non-military cover names. De Gruyter, 1997, p. 175. ISBN 978-3-598-11271-3 .
  7. ↑ Herwig Schäfer: Legal teaching and research at the Reich University of Strasbourg 1941-1944. Mohr Siebeck, 199, p. 25.