First stone

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First stone
Erstein coat of arms
Erstein (France)
First stone
region Grand Est
Department Bas-Rhin
Arrondissement Sélestat-Erstein
Canton First stone
Community association Canton d'Erstein
Coordinates 48 ° 25 ′  N , 7 ° 40 ′  E Coordinates: 48 ° 25 ′  N , 7 ° 40 ′  E
height 147-157 m
surface 36.22 km 2
Residents 10,630 (January 1, 2017)
Population density 293 inhabitants / km 2
Post Code 67150
INSEE code 67130
Website www.ville-erstein.fr

Erstein in the Upper Rhine Plain

Erstein is a French commune with 10,630 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2017) in the Bas-Rhin department in the Grand Est region (until 2015 Alsace ). The municipality is located in the arrondissement of Sélestat-Erstein .

geography

At the Ill

Erstein is about 20 kilometers south of Strasbourg and 5 km west of the German border in the Upper Rhine Plain on the Ill , near the Rhine-Rhône Canal in the center of the fertile Erstein plain, at 150 m above sea level. NHN.

traffic

The Strasbourg – Colmar railway station is located on the western edge of the city . The former national road N83 (D1083) Lyon – Strasbourg , which has been expanded to four lanes in this section, runs parallel to the railway line . The D 426 leads to Obernai , 12 km to the west , to the east there is a connection to Schwanau in Germany and Lahr via the Rhine .

history

  • Erstein was first mentioned as Villa Herinstein in 817.
  • Irmingard (Ermengard), daughter of Count Hugo von Tours and wife of Emperor Lothar I , founded the Erstein Abbey in 849 , where she was buried. Bertha, probably daughter of King Konrad III. , was abbess of Erstein in 1153 . The monastery was closed in 1422 and its goods went to the diocese of Strasbourg. In 1818 the last buildings of the monastery had disappeared.
  • In 1191 the settlement was granted town charter , which was also linked to town fortifications and its own municipal administration.
  • In 1472 the city came to Strasbourg and remained under this rule until 1790. The fortifications were razed, the place became an insignificant country town.
  • The place suffered particularly from the Thirty Years' War, the population halved. Erstein came to France in the Peace of Westphalia .
  • In the course of the French Revolution , Erstein became the capital of the canton in 1790. For the first time it came to the election of a mayor ( Maire ).
  • In the second half of the 18th century, economic consolidation began: the population doubled between 1751 and 1846 from 1640 to more than 3500 inhabitants. Local agriculture took off, as did other branches of the economy such as the tanner's trade.
  • The 19th century was marked by the construction of a railway line and the regulation of the Rhine under Tulla . Industries settled there, such as a weaving mill (until 2001) and a sugar factory. In 1846 Erstein had 3,676 inhabitants.
  • During the Franco-Prussian War , Prussian troops marched in, and Germany returned to Germany through the Peace of Frankfurt in 1871.
  • Around 1900 Erstein had a Protestant and a Catholic church, a synagogue and a district court .
  • After the end of the First World War , the city came back to France through the provisions of the Versailles Treaty .
  • After the French declaration of war on Germany, the Germans advance in World War II in 1939, and the French again on November 28, 1944.

Demographics

Town hall ( Hôtel de Ville ) of Erstein
Annual population figures while belonging to the Reichsland Alsace-Lorraine (1871–1920)
year population Remarks
1872 3890
1890 4807
1900 5593 mostly Catholic residents
1905 5837
1910 6061
Number of inhabitants since the middle of the 20th century
year 1962 1968 1975 1982 1990 1999 2007 2013
Residents 6.165 6,288 7,434 8,095 8,600 9,664 9,971 10,916

The population growth of Ersteins has been slightly above average since the early 1960s compared to the overall European development. At the beginning of the 21st century the population of the place decreased slightly.

coat of arms

In the split coat of arms, a slanting bar in silver can be seen in front in red, an indication of the affiliation to Strasbourg, in the back a church in gold in blue as an indication of the former Benedictine monastery.

The Erstein sugar factory
Gerber's house in Erstein

economy

As a business location, Erstein is known for its sugar factory .

Attractions

Town twinning

Personalities

literature

  • Le Patrimoine des Communes du Bas-Rhin . Flohic Editions, Volume 1, Charenton-le-Pont 1999, ISBN 2-84234-055-8 , pp. 353-361.

Web links

Commons : Erstein  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: First stone in the Topographia Alsatiae (Matthäus Merian)  - sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d M. Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006)
  2. ↑ a b Meyer's Large Conversation Lexicon . 6th edition, Volume 6, Leipzig / Vienna 1906, pp. 77-78 ( online )
  3. ^ Complete geographic-topographical-statistical local lexicon of Alsace-Lorraine. Contains: the cities, towns, villages, castles, communities, hamlets, mines and steel works, farms, mills, ruins, mineral springs, etc. with details of the geographical location, factory, industrial and other commercial activity, the post, railway u. Telegraph stations and the like historical notes etc. Adapted from official sources by H. Rudolph. Louis Zander, Leipzig 1872, Sp. 15 ( online )