Obernstrasse (Bielefeld)
| Obernstrasse | |
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| Obernstrasse from the Müller house. | |
| Basic data | |
| place | Bielefeld |
| District | center |
| Created | circa 1220 |
| Cross streets | Klasingstrasse, Neustädter Strasse, Piggenstrasse, Postgang, Waldhof |
| Places | old market |
| Buildings | House Müller , Crüwell House |
| use | |
| User groups | Pedestrian traffic , bicycle traffic , car traffic |
| Technical specifications | |
| Street length | 381 m |
The main street in Bielefeld-Mitte is located in the old town and is now largely pedestrianized . From the founding of Bielefeld as a city until the first half of the 20th century, it was one of its most important main streets. Today it has a high concentration of architectural monuments in the city , all but two of which are over 200 years old.
history
When the old town of Bielefeld was laid out in the 2nd decade of the 13th century, the trade route, which unites routes from different places in the Münster lowlands, crossed the Osning in the Bielefelder Pass , was led in the newly founded town as Obernstraße from Oberntor to the market . From this place they passed through the low road to Niederntor, on the one hand from which paths through the Kirchdorf Heepen , on the other hand, by the pin locations Schildesche and Herford towards Weser led. At the Oberntor the path began and later the road to Werther , like the Lipper Hellweg , which it continued north-west, led above the source horizon on the slope of the Osning.
Many of the town houses built along Obernstrasse belonged to merchants.
An important contribution to the industrial development of Bielefeld took place shortly after 1890 in Müller's house at the top of the street, when August Oetker and the owner developed the baking powder in the bakery that made the Oetker company world famous.
With the development of local transport , the first urban and then the first private horse-drawn bus line in Bielefeld ran through Obernstraße at the end of the 19th century , the first tram from 1900 to 1927 and the first trolleybus in 1944 .
At the end of the 1950s, local public transport disappeared from the streets, and in the mid-1970s, except for the western end, so did car traffic.
In the summer months, holds trackless train rafter mobile at the breakpoint Bunnemannplatz to from there towards Sparrenburg or animal park to drive.
Houses
Since the station of the Cöln-Mindener Eisenbahn opened one kilometer north of the old town in 1847, new shops, hotels and financial institutions settled between the old market and the (main) train station , while much of the pre-industrial, rather small-town development was preserved in Obernstraße.
In the Second World War , a large part burned out, but the most important of the destroyed houses were rebuilt or their gables were initially stored and later placed on other houses.
Monuments with house numbers:
- No. 1, the Crüwell House , around 1530, at the end of the street from the Old Market
- No. 15, Neo-Renaissance , 1914
- (No. 9), gable after war destruction today on house No. 36
- (No. 29), gable after war destruction today on Alter Markt 3
- No. 32, the core of the 16th century, remodeling in the 19th century
- No. 36, Sparkasse with gable from No. 9
- No. 38, half-timbered building from the beginning of the 18th century with a classical facade from the first half of the 19th century
- No. 40, former patrician house, portal from 1669
- No. 51, Haus Müller (see above), in the core from 1485
- No. 48, Former Chamber of Crafts. The classicistic building can only be added to the old town ensemble to a limited extent , as it was built in 1836 in the area of the town wall that had been leveled out shortly before.
swell
- Günter Gerke: Bielefeld as it was. Volume 1–3, Düsseldorf 1973 ff., ISBN 3-7700-0347-0 , ISBN 3-7700-0417-5 , ISBN 3-7700-0459-0 .
- Monument database of the Regional Association of Westphalia-Lippe
Coordinates: 52 ° 1 ′ 12.6 " N , 8 ° 31 ′ 47.7" E