Octavian Goga
Octavian Goga (born April 1, 1881 in Răşinari , Austria-Hungary ; † May 7, 1938 in Ciucea ) was a Romanian poet, playwright, pro-National Socialist and anti-Semitic politician and Prime Minister of the country.
Life
Octavian Goga was born in Transylvania and was an ardent Romanian patriot and nationalist . Since Transylvania was annexed to Romania, he has been a minister in various conservative governments on several occasions . In December 1937 he became Prime Minister. He is considered to be the first Romanian statesman to come to power thanks to overt anti-Semitic policies. The 1938 laws passed by his government deprived a third of Romanians of Jewish origin from civil rights. Although Goga was dismissed by King Charles II after just 40 days , the anti-Semitic laws remained in force even under his successor Miron Cristea .
Goga was a Freemason ; In 1929 he tried to establish a Christian-Masonic bloc within Romanian Freemasonry based on the German model . Today's Masonic Lodge in Sibiu / Hermannstadt bears the name Octavian Goga .
As a poet , Goga was socially engaged and used an archaic language with many dialect expressions. He placed the rural life of the Romanian peasants in Transylvania at the center of his poetry. His poetry was enthusiastically received by his contemporaries, and some of his poems even became folk songs. In communist Romania after 1947 the enthusiasm for Goga's poetry was not extinguished: several editions of his works and numerous monographs appeared. Even if anti-Semitism is clear in his politics, it is not reflected in his works. His poetry is still highly valued in Romania today.
Octavian Goga had translated numerous works by important Hungarian writers such as Endre Ady (with whom he was also close personal friends), Sándor Petőfi and Imre Madách into Romanian .
Works
- Poezii , Budapest 1905
- Din umbra zidurilor ( In the shadow of the walls ), Bucharest 1910
- Ne cheamă pămîntul ( The earth calls us ), Bucharest 1911
- Opere ( Collected Works ), 1 - 2, Bucharest 1967
- Translation into German: My songs. Selected poems (transl .: FJ Bulhardt), Bucharest 1988
literature
- Ion D. Bălan: Octavian Goga. Monograph . Editor "Minerva", Bucharest 1975.
- Gheorghe I. Bodea: Octavian Goga. O viată, un destin . Limes, Cluj-Napoca 2004, ISBN 973-726-035-X .
- Ovidiu Papadima: Octavian Goga . Bucharest 1944.
- Mircea Popa: Octavian Goga. Între colectivitate și solitudine . Editorial Dacia, Cluj-Napoca 1981.
- William Totok : Goga, Octavian , in: Handbuch des Antisemitismus , Volume 2/1, 2009, p. 297f.
Web links
- Literature by and about Octavian Goga in the catalog of the German National Library
- "Octavian Goga" Memorial Museum
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Goga, Octavian |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Romanian poet, playwright and politician |
| DATE OF BIRTH | April 1, 1881 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Rășinari |
| DATE OF DEATH | May 7, 1938 |
| Place of death | Ciucea |