Oden of Solomon
The Oden Solomos (abbreviation: OdSal ) are a Christian collection of songs ( hymns ), which was probably written around 130 AD. The 42 odes were originally written in Syriac and have been handed down mainly in Syriac, mostly also in Coptic , Ode 11 in Syriac and Greek. Ode 2 is missing.
The Odes of Solomon are neither identical to the Book of Odes , a script of the Septuagint , nor to the Psalms of Solomon .
Dating, origin
The odes were initially dated to around the year 200 AD ( HJW Drijvers ), but more recently to 130 AD ( Michael Lattke , Klaus Berger ). “In view of the close proximity to the letters of Paul and the Corpus Johanneum, which is not mediated by quotation, this is probably the latest point in time.” Nothing more is known about the author (s), but they were probably Gentile Christians who wrote and wrote for Gentile Christians possibly from Edessa .
content
Jesus is (often) to be accepted as the speaker of the hymns and then acts as the transmitter of revelation about God. He preaches repentance to the light. "The death of Jesus has no constitutive meaning. Similar to Phil 2: 9-11 EU, however , the exaltation of Jesus is the occasion that the universal world of nations believes in him and confesses to him (Ode 10.5)." Israel plays a subordinate role; According to Ode 10: 6, the peoples have become "my people forever". The odes also turn against Gnostic or Marcionite teachings, are close to Tatian's Diatessaron and emphasize the believer's identity with Christ (e.g. OdSal 41).
Hermann Detering saw in Basilides , a Gnostic of the 1st to 2nd centuries AD, the author of the script.
Editions and translations
- Johannes Flemming (translator), Adolf Harnack (ed.): A Judeo-Christian psalm book from the first century ... from Syriac ( texts and studies on the history of early Christian literature, Volume 35.4). Hinrichs, Leipzig 1910. archive.org
- James H. Charlesworth (Ed.): The Odes of Solomon: the Syriac Text , Chico CA 1977.
- Michael Lattke: Oden Solomos (Fontes Christiani 19) . Freiburg 1995.
- Hubert Grimme, Syriac and Hebrew text with German translation archive.org
literature
- Georg Beer : Solomon's Oden . In: Paulys Realencyclopadie der classischen Antiquity Science (RE). Volume IA, 2, Stuttgart 1920, Sp. 1999-2001.
- Hendrik JW Drijvers: Art. Solomon III. Sapientia Salomonis, Psalms Solomos and Oden Solomos. In: TRE 29, Berlin 1998, pp. 730-732.
- Michael Lattke: The Oden Salomos in their meaning for the New Testament and Gnosis (OBO 25,1–3), Volume III, Friborg / Göttingen 1986.
- Gie Vleugels: The Destruction of the Second Temple in the Odes of Solomon. In: Siegbert Riecker, Julius Steinberg (ed.): The sacred heart of the Torah. Festschrift for Hendrik Koorevaar: Shaker Verlag , Aachen 2011, pp. 303-310
- James H. Charlesworth: Solomon, Odes of . In: Anchor Bible Dictionary . Volume 6, Yale University Press, New Haven 1992, ISBN 0-385-26190-X , 114–114.
Web links
- Evangelia G. Dafni: Oden Solomos. In: Michaela Bauks, Klaus Koenen, Stefan Alkier (Eds.): The Scientific Biblical Lexicon on the Internet (WiBiLex), Stuttgart 2006 ff.
Remarks
- ↑ Klaus Berger , Christiane Nord : The New Testament and early Christian writings. Frankfurt 2005, p. 935.
- ↑ a b Klaus Berger, Christiane Nord: The New Testament and early Christian writings , p. 936.
- ↑ So they describe God as “who knows no resentment” (OdSal 3,6; 7.3; 11.6; 15.6; 17.12; 20.7; 23.4). With a late dating (around 200 AD) it is seen as standing in the tradition of anti-Marcionite polemics.
- ^ Hermann Detering : "Amatoria carmina studiose discunt" - Basilides and the Oden Solomos. [1]