Oldeborg (castle)
| Oldeborg | ||
|---|---|---|
| Creation time : | unknown | |
| Castle type : | Niederungsburg | |
| Conservation status: | Burgstall | |
| Standing position : | Gentry | |
| Place: | Oldeborg , exact location unknown | |
| Geographical location | 53 ° 29 '59.6 " N , 7 ° 19' 58.3" E | |
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The Oldeborg in the same place at Engerhafe in East Friesland was in the 14th century, the headquarters of the powerful chieftain family tom Brok . From here the family expanded their power over all of East Friesland and the neighboring areas in what is now the Netherlands . After the last chief of the family, Ocko II, was defeated and captured in 1427 at the Battle of the Wild Fields , the chief's castle was razed. Today there are no more significant remains of it.
history
The Brokmerland was settled late after the dyke construction was completed and the Julian flood of 1164 pushed many people from the coast into the interior. The Brokmerland thus became the border area between the diocese of Münster ( Feder - and Emsgau ) and the Archdiocese of Bremen ( Norderland and Östringen ). In what was then the parish of Engerhafe, the Bishop of Münster had a castle built as the holder of the synodal power and count's rights, which was called Oldeborg zu Fehnhusen . Next to this castle, the tom Brok, after they had risen to become chiefs, built Broke Castle , which became the nucleus of their claim to power. What happened to the episcopal castle afterwards is unclear. It may have been abandoned by the bishop with the advent of tom Brok and fell into disrepair, probably also because Broksche Burg was strategically located. In 1376 Keno I died as one of the few of his gender at a great old age of natural causes.
It is not yet known when the Oldeborg was built. Documents do not provide any information about this and as long as the location of the castle cannot be located, other scientific information is missing. Keno, the oldest known member of the tom Brok family, owned a Redgerhof in Engerhafe at the time of the Frisian freedom , which gave the owner the right to exercise the office of judge. Although already well off, the family began to rise from this position. Contrary to the provisions of the Brokmer Letter , the family began to build Brooke Castle in Oldeborg, after which the family was finally named.
In the course of their expansion of power, the tom Brok had a new castle built in Aurich around 1380 , the so-called Nieborg was named Oldeborg during the ancestral seat, after Ocko I also moved the family residence to Aurich.
The end of the tom brok also sealed the end of the castle. The family seat was razed in 1427 immediately after the battle on the wild fields.
Attempts to rediscover
In 2003 the East Frisian landscape on the northern outskirts of Oldeborg began with excavations to locate the castle. Test drilling was carried out on a parcel of land for which the name Burgstelle is documented. Trenches were found on all four sides of the site. However, no evidence of development has yet been found. In addition to the East Frisian landscape, an association is also trying to rediscover the castle site.
Information on the location of the castle and its size can be found in the literature. In the description of the earth of the Principality of East Friesland and the Harlingerland by Fridrich Arends from 1824, it says: “It was almost at the western end of the village, on the left side of the post road going to Fehnhusen. (...) The castle formed a square, 40 paces long and wide; the all-round ditch can still be recognized in the west and north by the depression, and on the south and east side it has been transformed into a chimney (moat). The northeast corner of the trench is just by the path. Those chimneys are still full of stones and two years ago a wall that was no longer fixed was basically found. The residents still show the exit from the castle, which ran a distance to the west in the south, then north to the current post route. Part of it can still be seen, but it is low, like the area in the west over a large area, mostly under water in winter. The castle site itself is somewhat higher than the surrounding area; on the south side of it is a much higher point, on which there is now a square. ” Onno Klopp writes in his Geschichte Ostfriesland :“ At the western end of the current village of Oldeborg in Brookmerlande, to the left of the path that goes to Veenhusen, you can still see a former one Castle site with depressions all around, the remains of the old moat. The castle, also called Oldeborg itself, 40 paces long and just as wide, was the ancestral seat of the mighty ten Brok family in the 14th century, which was the focal point of East Frisian history for half a century. "
Individual evidence
- ↑ Heinz Patze: The castles in the German-speaking area. Their legal and constitutional significance , 2 Teilbde, Stuttgart 1976, p. 351.
- ^ Archaeological Service of the East Frisian Landscape: Oldeborg 2003
- ^ Culture group "tom Brook" Oldeborg e. V. .
- ↑ Fridrich Arends: Earth description of the Principality of East Friesland and Harlingerland , Hanover 1824, p. 126
- ^ Onno Klopp: History of East Frisia . Rümpler, Hanover 1854–1858. Volume 1, p. 168 online: Volume 1 , Volume 2 , Volume 3 .