Olga Vsevolodovna Ivinskaya

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Olga Vsevolodovna Ivinskaya

Olga Vsewolodowna Iwinskaja ( Russian Ольга Всеволодовна Ивинская , English transcription Olga Ivinskaya ; born  June 16, 1912 in Tambov ; † September 8, 1995 in Moscow ) was a Russian writer and the lover of Boris Pasternaks Lara and the inspiration for the character of Boris Pasternak Roman Doctor Zhivago .

Early life

Iwinskaja, partly of German-Polish descent, was born in the province, in Tambow, as the daughter of a teacher. In 1915 the family moved to Moscow. After graduating from the "Moscow Institute for Editorial Staff " ( Московский институт редакционных работников ) in 1936, she worked as an editor for various literary magazines. She was an admirer of Pasternak from her youth and attended literary events to listen to his poetry. She married twice. Her first marriage was in 1936 with Ivan Vasilyevich Jemeljanow, who hanged himself in 1939. He was the father of her daughter Irina Ivanovna Yemeljanowa (* 1938), who also became a writer. The second marriage went to Iwinskaya in 1941 with Alexander Petrovich Vinogradov, who was killed during the German-Soviet war . From this marriage the son Dimitri Winogradow (1942-2004) was born.

Relationship with Pasternak

She met Boris Pasternak in October 1946 in the Nowy Mir editorial office , where she worked in the department responsible for new authors. She stayed with him until his death, although he refused to leave his wife. In early 1948 he asked her to leave Nowy Mir because their relationship there had made their position difficult. She took on the role of his secretary. She was the inspirational template for "Lara", the heroine in Doctor Zhivago . In July 1950, she was arrested as an "accomplice of a spy" and sentenced to five years in a labor camp. This was an attempt to suppress Pasternak's writings as they criticized the Soviet system. At the time, Ivinskaya was pregnant by Pasternak and suffered a miscarriage. She was released after Stalin's death in 1953. The book was published by Feltrinelli in Italy in 1957 , and Ivinskaya undertook all negotiations on behalf of Pasternak.

The last few years

After Pasternak's death in 1960, Ivinskaya was arrested a second time, along with her daughter. She was accused of being Pasternak's association with Western publishers to obtain hard currency for Doctor Zhivago . The Soviet government released Irina after one year in 1962 and Olga in 1964. She served four of the eight years in prison she was sentenced to, apparently to punish her for their relationship. In 1978, her memoirs were published in Russian under the title in Paris A Captive of Time ( A Wrinkle in Time translated) into English. Olga Ivinskaya was rehabilitated under Gorbachev in 1988 . All of Pasternak's letters to her and other writings and documents were confiscated by the KGB in the course of her last arrest. She spent several years litigating in an attempt to win them back. She was hindered by Natalja, Pasternak's daughter-in-law. The Russian Supreme Court ended the litigation and justified the verdict against them on the grounds that "there is no proof of ownership" and the "papers should remain in the archives".

She died in 1995 of cancer . A reporter on NTV compared Ms. Ivinskaya's role to that of other famous muses of Russian writers:

“As Pushkin would not be complete without Anna Kern, and Yesenin would be nothing without Isadora, so Pasternak would not be Pasternak without Olga Ivinskaya, who was his inspiration for 'Doctor Zhivago.'”

"Just as Pushkin would not have been perfect without Anna Kern and Yesenin without Isadora , Pasternak would not have been Pasternak without Olga Ivinskaya, who was his inspiration for 'Doctor Zhivago'."

factories

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Olga Ivinskaya, 83, Pasternak Muse for 'Zhivago' . New York Times . September 13, 1995. Retrieved October 27, 2010.
  2. ↑ a b OBITUARY: Olga Ivinskaya . The Independent . September 13, 1995. Retrieved October 27, 2010.
  3. ↑ Olga Ivinskaya; Inspiration for 'Dr. Zhivago's' Lara . LA Times . September 16, 1995. Retrieved October 27, 2010.

Web links

Commons : Olga Ivinskaya  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files
personal data
SURNAME Ivinskaya, Olga Vsevolodovna
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Ivinskaya, Olga; Ивинская, Ольга Всеволодовна (Russian spelling)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian writer and artist museum, lover and inspiration of Boris Pasternak
BIRTH DATE June 16, 1912
PLACE OF BIRTH Tambov
DATE OF DEATH September 8, 1995
PLACE OF DEATH Moscow