Orange Mouth Andean Hummingbird

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Orange Mouth Andean Hummingbird
Orange Mouth Andean Hummingbird

Orange Mouth Andean Hummingbird

Systematics
Class : Birds (aves)
Order : Sailor birds (Apodiformes)
Family : Hummingbirds (Trochilidae)
Genre : Urochroa
Type : Orange Mouth Andean Hummingbird
Scientific name of the  genus
Urochroa
Gould , 1856
Scientific name of the  species
Urochroa bougueri
( Bourcier , 1851)

The Orangerache Andean Hummingbird ( Urochroa bougueri ) or glossy spot hummingbird is a sailing bird in the hummingbird family (Trochilidae). It occurs in the South American countries Ecuador , Peru and Colombia . The IUCN classifies the population as Least Concern .

features

Orange Mouth Andean Hummingbirds
(lithograph by Henry Constantine Richter (1821–1902) after a drawing by John Gould (1804–1881))

The orange-throated Andean hummingbird reaches a body length of about 12 to 13 cm, with a beak making up 30 mm. The top is copper bronze with a distinctive reddish stripe on the cheeks. Behind the eye there is a small yellowish-white spot. The throat and chest are glittering blue, with the belly colored gray. The central and outer tail feathers are dark, while the rest of the tail is white with a darker outer vane.

behavior

They are often seen near raging torrents, hovering over the water to catch insects. Like other hummingbirds, they also fly to flowering trees to take in nectar. Occasionally you can see them together with other hummingbird species, which they mostly dominate.

distribution and habitat

They are rather rare and scattered in areas with low vegetation and near subtropical forest edges at altitudes between 1100 and 2000 meters. The nominate form is a little more common on the western slopes of the Ecuadorian Andes, where there are wilder mountain rivers. Here the distribution area of ​​the nominate form extends south to the Pichincha . The subspecies U. b.leucura is found on the eastern slopes south of Tungurahua , in the northwestern part of the Pastaza River valley and in the north of the Morona Santiago province . In Peru, U. b.leucura was first discovered in 1977 by Theodore Albert Parker III and Susan Allen Parker , but it seems to be very rare.

Vocalizations

The call sounds like a constant series of diminishing ziu and zing sounds.

Subspecies

Distribution area (green) of the Orange Mouth Andean Hummingbird

There are currently two subspecies:

  • Urochroa bougueri bougueri ( Bourcier , 1851). The nominate form occurs in the southwest of Colombia to the northwest of Ecuador.
  • Urochroa bougueri leucura Lawrence , 1864. The subspecies is distributed from southern Colombia through eastern Ecuador to northeastern Peru. In contrast to the nominate shape , the upper side shimmers greenish with the exception of the copper rump and the upper tail-coverts. The reddish cheek stripe is missing. The tail is clearly whiter in color.

Etymology and history of research

Jules Bourcier described the Orangerache Andean Hummingbird under the name Trochilus Bougueri . The type specimen came from the Ecuadorian Parroquia Nanegal . The term »Urochroa« is made up of the Greek words »ourá ουρά « for »tail« and »chroa χρόα « for »color, complexion«. The specific epithet »bougueri« honors the French astronomer, geodesist and physicist Pierre Bouguer (1698–1758). "Leucura" is also a Greek word made up of "leukos λευκός " for "white" and "ourá ουρά " for "tail".

literature

  • Jon Fjeldså , Niels Krabbe : Birds of the High Andes: A Manual to the Birds of the Temperate Zone of the Andes and Patagonia, South America . Apollo Books, Stenstrup 1990, ISBN 87-88757-16-1 .
  • Thomas Scott Schulenberg, Douglas Forrester Stotz, Daniel Franklin Lane, John Patton O'Neill, Theodore Albert Parker III: Birds of Peru . Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey 2007, ISBN 978-0-7136-8673-9 .
  • Robert Sterling Ridgely, Paul J. Greenfield: Birds of Ecuador Field Guide: Status, Distribution, and Taxonomy . tape 1 . Princeton University Press, Princeton 2001, ISBN 0-8014-8720-X (a).
  • Robert Sterling Ridgely, Paul J. Greenfield: Birds of Ecuador Field Guide: Field Guide . tape 2 . Princeton University Press, Princeton 2001, ISBN 0-8014-8721-8 (b).
  • James A. Jobling: Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names . Christopher Helm, London 2010, ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4 .
  • Jules Bourcier: Note on our espèces de trochilidées . In: Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l'Académie des sciences . tape 32 , 1851, pp. 186–188 ( gallica.bnf.fr [accessed December 2, 2013]).
  • George Newbold Lawrence: Descriptions of New Species of Birds of the Families Tanagridae, Cuculidae, and Trochilidae, with a Note on Panterpe Insignis . In: Annals of the Lyceum of Natural History of New York . tape 8 , 1867, p. 41-46 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed December 2, 2013]).
  • Theodore Albert Parker III, Susan Allen Parker: Behavioral and distribution notes on some unusual birds of a lower montane cloud forest in Peru . In: Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club . tape 102 , no. 2 , 1982, p. 63-70 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed December 3, 2013]).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Jon Fjeldså u. a., p. 252.
  2. ↑ a b Robert Sterling Ridgely et al. a. (2001b), p. 273.
  3. ↑ Robert Sterling Ridgely et al. a. (2001a), p. 366.
  4. ^ Theodore Albert Parker III a. a., p. 64.
  5. ↑ Thomas Scott Schulenberg u. a., p. 218.
  6. ^ IOC World Bird List Hummingbirds
  7. ↑ a b Jules Bourcier, p. 186.
  8. ↑ George Newbold Lawrence, p. 43.
  9. ↑ James A. Jobling, p. 396.
  10. ↑ James A. Jobling, p. 75.
  11. ↑ James A. Jobling, p. 225.