Ordensburg Oberpahlen
| Ordensburg Oberpahlen | ||
|---|---|---|
 Oberpahlen Castle |
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| Alternative name (s): | Oberpahlen Castle | |
| Creation time : | 1272 | |
| Castle type : | Niederungsburg | |
| Conservation status: | ruin | |
| Place: | Põltsamaa | |
| Geographical location | 58 ° 39 '10.8 " N , 25 ° 58' 25.8" E | |
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The Ordensburg Oberpahlen ( Estonian Põltsamaa ordulinnus ), also known as Oberpahlen Castle , is the ruin of an Ordensburg in Põltsamaa (German Baltic: Oberpahlen ) in the Jõgeva district (German Baltic: Laisholm district), Estonia .
history
In 1217 a battle took place at the Põltsamaa jõgi brook . A Castrum ad Palam is mentioned in Heinrich's Livonian Chronicle in 1223 , which was probably just a hill fort . An order castle was built in 1272 by the Livonian Order and was subordinate to the Fellin Commandery as a Vogteiburg . The expansion of Oberpahlen probably did not take place until the second half of the 14th century, following the example of Fellin Castle. At first the castle was probably a fort-like structure protected by moats , later it was additionally secured by a bailey .
At the end of the 13th century, the wall was raised and the battlements were placed on a column construction instead of on cantilevered beams in the masonry, which can still be seen today through the different layers of stone. In the 14th century, the wall was also given an elevation with loopholes . At the beginning of the 16th century the defensive capacity of the castle was strengthened by building a bastion and a cannon tower in front of the south gate.
During the First Northern War , Oberpahlen became the residence of Duke Magnus in 1570 , who had been appointed King of Livonia by the Russian Tsar Ivan IV . The old convent house was rebuilt in order to offer appropriate living spaces and rooms for official receptions. However, the castle was captured by the Swedes in February 1578 and by the Tsar's troops on June 25.
In 1623 King Gustav II Adolf of Sweden handed over the property to Oberpahlen Field Marshal von Wrangel , who had the castle converted into a representative palace , with the third floor being completed and a fourth being added.
The castle was sacked during the Great Northern War in 1703 and 1707. In 1750 Woldemar Johann von Lauw came into possession of the castle. The castle was rebuilt in the Rococo style. A porcelain factory was later housed in the castle. On June 14, 1941, the castle burned down due to the effects of the war.
proof
- ^ A b Karl Woldemar von Löwis of Menar: Burgenlexikon für Alt-Livland . Walters and Rapa, Riga 1922, p. 45 ( digitized version ).
- ^ Armin Tuulse: The castles in Estonia and Latvia (= negotiations of the Estonian learned society . Volume 33 ). Õpetatud Eesti Seltsi Toimetused, S. 148-151 .
- ↑ a b Ordensburg Oberpahlen (Põltsamaa ordulinnus). Retrieved July 19, 2019 .