Orest Danilowitsch Chwolson

Orest Chwolson

Orest Khvolson ( Russian Орест Данилович Хвольсон ; born November 22 ^{. Jul} / 4. December  1852 ^greg. In St. Petersburg ; † 11. May 1934 in Leningrad ) was a Russian physicist and in 1920 an honorary member of the Russian Academy of Sciences .

Orest Chwolson graduated from the University of St. Petersburg in 1873 , began teaching there in 1876 and finally became a professor in 1891. Orest Chwolson wrote a number of papers on electricity , magnetism and photometry . He developed new types of actinometers that were used in Russian weather stations for a long time. After 1896 Chwolson devoted himself above all to the compilation of his four-volume work "Textbook of Physics" (Курс физики), which greatly improved physics teaching throughout Russia and was the standard physical work at universities for many years. It has also been translated into German, French and Spanish.

Orest Chwolson was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor . In 1922 he became an honorary member of the German Physical Society . The lunar crater Khvol'son is named after him.

Works

• Physics textbook . 2nd edition, Fr. Vieweg, Braunschweig 1918–1927 (4 volumes, divided into 8 volumes).
• Hegel, Haeckel, Kossuth and the twelfth commandment  : a critical study, Vieweg, Braunschweig 1906.
• Two questions to the members of the German Monist Association . Friedr. Vieweg u. Sohn, Brunswick 1908.
• Physics and its importance for mankind . (Translated by Georg Kluge), Vieweg, Braunschweig 1924.
• The evolution of the spirit of physics , 1873–1923 (A. d. Russian transl. By VR Bursian), Vieweg, Braunschweig 1925.
• Physics 1914–1926 (translated by Georg Kluge), Vieweg, Braunschweig 1927.