Orius niger
| Orius niger | ||||||||||||
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Orius niger , habitus, specimen in the Zoological State Collection Munich, photo: Marianne Müller |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Orius niger | ||||||||||||
| ( Wolff , 1811) |
Orius niger is a bug from the family of the flower bugs (Anthocoridae).
features
The bugs are 1.8 to 2.3 millimeters long. The very small bugs of the genus Orius are sometimes heavy and can only be determined with the help of high magnification when looking at them. Orius niger is the only species in the genus that is easy to identify. It is almost completely black in color, only the antennae and the rails ( tibia ) of the front legs are light. The membranes of the hemielytres are also dark. Pale colored specimens are, however, frequent and therefore difficult to identify. There is a single hair at the front and back corners of the pronotum .
distribution and habitat
The species is common in Europe, east to Siberia and across Central Asia to China and India. It is widespread and common in Central Europe, but much less common in the north than in the south. It rises in the Alps to around 1,600 meters above sea level. The species is common in Great Britain and occurs north to Yorkshire . The species has a greater need for warmth than the other species of its genus and therefore inhabits open habitats, in north-west Germany, for example, Calluna heaths are common.
Way of life
The animals live mainly in the herb layer. They regularly suck on pollen and are therefore apparently bound to flowering plants. They are found most frequently on Raublattgewächsen (Boraginaceae), ericaceous (Ericaceae) and legumes (Fabaceae), but also of nettles ( Urtica ) and Artemisia . Hibernation takes place as an imago in loose soil litter , under bark scales on trunks or in dried up flowers. Most males die over winter. The females lay their eggs in flowers of herbaceous plants. Two generations appear in favorable years.
supporting documents
Individual evidence
literature
- Ekkehard Wachmann , Albert Melber, Jürgen Deckert: Bugs. Volume 1: Cimicomorpha: Dipsocoromorpha, Nepomorpha, Gerromorpha, Leptopodomorpha, Cimicomorpha (part 1) (= The animal world of Germany and the adjacent sea parts according to their characteristics and according to their way of life . 77th part). Goecke & Evers, Keltern 2006, ISBN 3-931374-49-1 .
Web links
- Orius niger at Fauna Europaea. Retrieved June 22, 2014