Orobanche cernua
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Orobanche cernua is a plant type from the genus of orobanche ( Orobanche ) in the family of broomrape plants (Orobanchaceae).
description
Orobanche cernua is a parasitic plant whose stems can be up to 40 cm high. At the base they are only slightly swollen and are more or less hairy and yellow in color. The leaves are 5 to 10 mm long and ovate-lanceolate.
The inflorescences are brown in color and tinted differently in blue, up to 25 cm high and 2.5 to 4 cm wide, mostly densely built and covered with glandular hair. The bracts are 7 to 12 mm long and ovate to lanceolate. The calyx is 7 to 12 mm long, the sepals stand free and are more or less two-toothed. The crown is 12 to 20 mm long, sparsely covered with glandular hairs, almost upright and noticeably puffed up and whitish-scaly at the base. It is constricted in the middle, the outer part is protruding or slightly bent back. The color of the crown is purple-blue. The lobes of the lower lip are almost the same and not ciliate. The stamens are hairless or almost hairless and set about 4 to 6 mm above the crown base. The anthers are hairless. The scar is whitish.
The fruit is a capsule with a length of 8 to 10 mm.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 38.
Occurrence and locations
The species is widespread in southern Europe, extends in the north to the south of the former Czechoslovakia and up to a latitude of 54 ° N in eastern Russia . Their entire distribution area includes the Canary Islands, tropical East and Northeast Africa, North Africa, Southern Europe, Great Britain, Hungary, Ukraine, West and Central Asia, the Arabian Peninsula, Armenia, India, Nepal, Pakistan, China and Australia. It parasitizes on species of the genus Artemisia and on sunflowers ( Helianthus annuus ), rarely also on other herbaceous plants.
Systematics
Several varieties can be distinguished:
- Orobanche cernua Loefl. var. cernua : It occurs in Europe, Egypt, Pakistan, Western Asia and Armenia.
- Orobanche cernua var. Nepalensis Reut. : It occurs in Egypt, Ethiopia, Somalia, Tanzania, Yemen, Pakistan, India and Nepal.
- Orobanche cernua var. Cumana (Wallr.) Beck (Syn .: Orobanche cumana Wallr. ): It occurs in Eastern and Southeastern Europe, in Western and Central Asia, in the Caucasus, Nepal, Siberia, China and Mongolia.
- Orobanche cernua var. Hansii (A. Kern.) Beck : It occurs in Central Asia, Iran, Pakistan, Afghanistan and China.
literature
- Thomas Gaskell Tutin et al. (Ed.): Flora Europaea, Volume 3: Diapensiaceae to Myoporaceae . Cambridge University Press, 1972. ISBN 978-0521084895 .
Individual evidence
- ^ Orobanche cernua at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- ↑ a b c d e Orobanche in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved January 27, 2018.