Pancalia leuwenhoekella
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Pancalia leuwenhoekella |
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| Pancalia leuwenhoekella | ||||||||||||
| ( Linnaeus , 1761) |
Pancalia leuwenhoekella is a butterfly ( moth ) from the family of cosmopterigidae (Cosmopterigidae).
features
The moths reach a wingspan of 10 to 12 millimeters. The head shimmers bronze-brown and is tinted purple. The antennae shimmer bronze-brown and are not thickened in the females. A subapical section consisting of 8 to 10 segments is dorsally white. The last 5 antenna segments are bronze brown in both sexes. Thorax and tegulae shine bronze-brown and are tinted slightly purple. The forewings are shiny orange-brown and have an irregular black-brown border. The wing drawing consists of three or four shiny silver or gold costal and dorsal spots. The first costal spot is at 1/5 of the forewing length and runs obliquely inwards. It extends to the costal fold . The second costal spot is in front of the wing center and the third at 3/4 of the forewing length. The latter runs very diagonally outwards and is white in the fringed scales. The first dorsal spot does not extend to the inner edge of the wing and is opposite the first costal spot. The second dorsal spot is small and is diagonally opposite the second costal spot. The third dorsal spot lies at the anal angle and runs at right angles to the inner wing of the wing. The fourth dorsal spot is partly on the outer edge of the wing and between the third costal spot and apex . The hind wings shine brown and are tinted bronze.
In the males, the valves are slender and curved upwards in the middle, the left valve is a little longer and stronger than the right. The valvellae (paired plates above the juxta ) are slender, the left lobe is one and a half times as long as the right. The aedeagus is curved at right angles and has a tube-like distal part.
In females, the sterigma is wide, flat, cup-shaped and has a heavily sclerotized rear edge. The ductus bursae is long and widens slightly to the corpus bursae . The corpus bursae is oval, slightly comb-like and has large signs.
Similar species
Pancalia leuwenhoekella differs from similar European species by the smaller wingspan, the white subapical antennae in the males, the non-thickened antennae in the females and the third dorsal spot, which runs at right angles to the inner edge of the wing.
distribution
Pancalia leuwenhoekella is widespread in Europe with the exception of the far north. In the east the distribution area extends to Asia Minor , the Caucasus and the southwest of Siberia . In the Russian Far East is allopatric subspecies pancalia leuwenhoekella mandshuricella home.
The species prefers more or less open and dry areas, especially dry meadows and slopes with bushes.
biology
The caterpillars develop on rough violet ( Viola hirta ), dog violet ( Viola canina ) and wild pansy ( Viola tricolor ). They live from June to August and mine in the petioles in the first stages. The caterpillar droppings are either ejected through a small hole or they remain in the feeding duct. Later, the caterpillars create a translucent feeding tunnel made of silk and detritus between the roots of the host plant and feed on the bark of the stem in the soil. They pupate in August in a solid cocoon of silk and detritus in the ground. The moths fly from late April to June, sometimes in a second generation from July to August. They are diurnal and fly around between the host plants.
Systematics
The following synonyms are known from the literature:
- Phalaena Tinea leuwenhoekella Linnaeus , 1761
- Phalaena Tinea leuvenhoekella Linnaeus , 1767
- Phalaena Tinea leuwenhockella [ Denis & Schiffermüller ], 1775
- Oecophora schmidtella Treitschke , 1833
swell
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e J. C. Koster, S. Yu. Sinev: Momphidae, Batrachedridae, Stathmopodidae, Agonoxenidae, Cosmopterigidae, Chrysopeleiidae . In: P. Huemer, O. Karsholt, L. Lyneborg (eds.): Microlepidoptera of Europe . 1st edition. tape 5 . Apollo Books, Stenstrup 2003, ISBN 87-88757-66-8 , pp. 93 (English).
Web links
- Lepiforum e. V. - Taxonomy and photos
- Guide to the moths of Great Britain and Ireland. Pancalia leuwenhoekella. Ian Kimber, accessed November 29, 2011 .