Panteão da Pátria e da Liberdade Tancredo Neves
The Pantheon of the Fatherland and Freedom Tancredo Neves (Portuguese: Panteão da Pátria e da Liberdade Tancredo Neves ) is a building complex on the Square of the Three Powers in Brasília , the capital of Brazil . It was named after Tancredo Neves , the governor of the state of Minas Gerais , who was elected President of Brazil after 20 years of military dictatorship and who died in 1985 shortly before his inauguration.
The Pantheon is dedicated to all those who have made a name for themselves in Brazil, regardless of whether they are born Brazilians or foreigners. The names of those honored are recorded in the Livro de Aço ("Book of Steel"), which is also called Livro dos Heróis da Pátria ("Book of the Heroes of the Fatherland"). Those listed here are considered national heroes . The admission of a new person into the pantheon is celebrated with a special ceremony and sealed with the engraving of the name in the book.
Building history
The building complex forms the eastern end of the Square of Three Powers. It is based on a design by the architect Oscar Niemeyer from 1985. The foundation stone was laid on October 15, 1985 by the then President of France , François Mitterrand , in the presence of the President of Brazil José Sarney . The inauguration took place on September 7, 1986.
On the occasion of the architect's 100th birthday, the Pantheon was added to the list of historical monuments by the IPHAN ( Instituto do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional , German Institute of National Historical and Artistic Heritage ) together with 34 other works by Niemeyer in 2007 .
layout
The Pantheon has a total area of 2,105 m² on three floors. The red room on the second floor shows the “Wall of Freedom” by Bulcão Athos. The work of art consists of three brick walls with a length of 13.54 meters and a height of 2.76 meters, which recreate the triangular symbol of the Inconfidência Mineira .
The Livro de Aço is on the third floor - between a stained glass window by Marianne Peretti and the Painel da Inconfidência Mineira designed by João Câmara Filho . This frieze depicts the Minas Gerais uprising and honors the heroes of the independence movement of the 18th century. It consists of seven panels that show the course of the rebellion and the execution of the leader Tiradentes .
National heroes in the book of steel
The following people are listed in the Livro de Aço today:
- Alferes Joaquim Jose da Silva Xavier, known as Tiradentes - Photo taken on April 21, 1992 on the occasion of the 200th anniversary of his execution
- Zumbi dos Palmares - recorded on March 21, 1997
- Manuel Deodoro da Fonseca - recorded on November 15, 1997 on the occasion of the 108th anniversary of the proclamation of the republic
- Pedro I. - Photo taken on September 5th, 1999 on the occasion of the 177th anniversary of the proclamation of independence
- Luís Alves de Lima e Silva, Duke of Caxias - Photo taken on January 28, 2003
- José Plácido de Castro - Photo taken on November 17th, 2004 on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of the Treaty of Petrópolis
- Joaquim Marques Lisbon, Marquês of Tamandaré - Recorded on December 13, 2004 on his 197th birthday
- Francisco Manuel Barroso da Silva, Baron of Amazonas - Photo taken on June 11, 2005 on the occasion of the 140th anniversary of the sea battle of Riachuelo
- Alberto Santos Dumont - Photo taken on July 26th, 2006 on the 100th anniversary of the first flight of the Santos-Dumont 14-bis
- José Bonifácio de Andrade e Silva - recorded on April 21, 2007
Admission to the Livro de Aço has been decided but not yet completed for the following people :
- Francisco Alves Mendes Filho, known as Chico Mendes (decided by Law 10952 of September 22, 2004)
- Joaquim do Amor Divino Rabelo, Frei Caneca (decided by Law 11528 of October 11, 2007)
- Manuel Luís Osório, Marquês of Erval (decided by Law 11680 of May 27, 2008)
- Ildefonso Pereira Correia, Baron de Serro Azul (decided by Law 11863 of December 16, 2008)
- Antonio de Sampaio (decided by Law 11932 of April 24, 2009)
- Sepé Tiaraju (decided on September 21, 2009)
- Ana Ferreira Néri Justina (decided by Law 12105 of December 2, 2009)
Candidates for admission
Admission to the Livro de Aço is planned for a large number of other people , but the process is not yet complete. Every person to be accepted must be proposed in the form of a petition for acceptance into the Pantheon:
- Maria de Jesus Quitéria (petition 1474/2007)
- Mário de Almeida Martins, Euclides Miragaia, Drausio Marcondes de Sousa and Antonio Camargo de Andrade
- Júlio César Ribeiro de Sousa (petition 7466/2006)
- Eduardo Francisco Nogueira (petition 7311/2006)
- Eduardo Gomes (petition 6918/2006)
- Joaquim Xavier Curado, Count of São João das Duas Barras (Petition 6917/2006)
- João Cândido Felisberto (petition 5874/2005)
- Joaquim Aurelio Barreto Nabuco de Araújo (Petition 5873/2005)
- Mario Kozel Filho (Petition 5508/2005)
- Getúlio Vargas (petition 3300/2004)
- twenty-two victims of the unsuccessful launch of the VLS-1 rocket on August 22, 2003 (petition 1848/2003)
- Sergio Vieira de Mello (petition 1782/2003)
- Dr. Vital Brazil Mineiro da Campanha (petition 1604/2003)
- Dr. Osvaldo Gonçalves Cruz (petition 1494/2003)
- Mascarenhas Joao Batista de Morais (Petition 1295/2003)
- Heitor Villa-Lobos (Petition 1165/2003)
- José Vieira Couto de Magalhães (petition 954/2003)
- José de Anchieta (petition 810/2003)
- Cândido Mariano da Silva Rondon (petition 562/2003)
- Antonio Carlos Gomes
- Jose Maria da Silva Paranhos Júnior, Baron of Rio Branco (Petition 7403/2002)
- Hipólito José da Costa Furtado de Mendonca (Petition 4401/2001)
- João de Deus Nascimento, Manuel Faustino dos Santos Lira, Luís Gonzaga das Virgens and Lucas Dantas Torres
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Painel da Inconfidência Mineira: General view and blog article (Portuguese) with 22 photographs
