Luís Alves de Lima e Silva, Duke of Caxias

Luís Alves de Lima e Silva

Luís Alves de Lima e Silva, Duke of Caxias (born August 25, 1803 in Rio de Janeiro , † May 8, 1880 ibid) was a Brazilian marshal and politician.

Life

Luís Alves de Lima e Silva was born as the son of the future Prince Regent Francisco de Lima e Silva and Mariana Cândido de Oliveira Belo in the captaincy of Rio de Janeiro on a fazenda in Porto do Estrela, today's Duque de Caxias .

In 1823 Lima took part in the Brazilian struggle for independence against Portugal. In the 1840s he was instrumental in suppressing Republican uprisings. In 1851 he was Commander in Chief of the Brazilian Army in the Uruguayan Civil War . He achieved great success against Rosas , the dictator of Argentina , whom he defeated at Montevideo and Caseros . For this he was appointed Marshal and Marquis .

After he had been Minister of War and Prime Minister in 1857 and 1861/1862 , in 1867 he received supreme command of the armies of Brazil, Argentina and Uruguay in the fight against Paraguay . After long struggles he succeeded in early 1869 in taking the capital Asunción . A short time later, however, he had to hand over the supreme command - allegedly for health reasons - to the Count of Eu , son-in-law of the Brazilian Emperor Don Pedro II .

Monument to the Duke of Caxias in São Paulo by Victor Brecheret

Alves de Lima was made duke and in 1873 was appointed vice-president of the highest military tribunal . On June 25, 1875, he took over the chairmanship of the War Ministry again , but resigned in January 1878.

Luis Alvez de Lima died on May 8, 1880 in Rio de Janeiro. Historians such as Nelson Werneck Sodré consider him the most important Brazilian military leader and important politician.

Lima was a member of the Federation of Freemasons .

Awards

The Grand Cross of the Imperial Order of the Cross was one of his numerous awards . He was also honored for his military successes against Argentina in Uruguay and Paraguay .

literature

Joaquin Pinto de Campos: Vida do grande cidadão brasileiro Luís Alves de Lima e Silva, Barão, Conde, Marquês, Duque de Caxias, desde o seu nascimento em 1803 até 1878. Imprensa Nacional, Lisboa 1878.
Adriana Barreto de Souza: Duque de Caxias: o homem por trás do monumento. Civilização Brasileira, Rio de Janeiro 2008, ISBN 978-85-200-0864-5 .

Web links

Commons : Luís Alves de Lima e Silva - Album with pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

^ Adriana Barreto de Souza: Duque de Caxias: o homem por trás do monumento. Civilização Brasileira, Rio de Janeiro 2008, ISBN 978-85-200-0864-5 , p. 107.
^ Alfonso de Carvalho: Caxias. Rio de Janeiro 1976, pp. 11-18.
^ Nilton Freixinho: International Relations in South America Nineteenth Century. A Case Study: The Independence and Sovereignty of Uruguay . In: Maintien de la paix de 1815 à aujourd'hui. Actes du XXIe colloque de la Commission Internationale d'Histoire Militaire . Department of National Defense, Ottawa 1995, ISBN 0-662-62062-3 , pp. 612-619, here p. 617.
^ William R. Denslow, Harry S. Truman: 10,000 Famous Freemasons from A to J, Part One , Kessinger Publishing, ISBN 1-4179-7578-4 .
↑ José Antonio dos Santos Cardoso: Almanak Administrativo, Mercantil e Industrial (Almanaque Laemmert). Eduardo & Henrique Laemmert, Rio de Janeiro 1880, p. 33.

personal data
SURNAME	Lima e Silva, Luís Alves de, Duke of Caxias
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Caxias, Luís Alves de Lima e Silva, Duke of
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	Brazilian Marshal
DATE OF BIRTH	August 25, 1803
PLACE OF BIRTH	Rio de Janeiro
DATE OF DEATH	May 8, 1880
Place of death	Rio de Janeiro

[Souza_107-1] Adriana Barreto de Souza: Duque de Caxias: o homem por trás do monumento. Civilização Brasileira, Rio de Janeiro 2008, ISBN 978-85-200-0864-5 , p. 107.

[2] Alfonso de Carvalho: Caxias. Rio de Janeiro 1976, pp. 11-18.

[3] Nilton Freixinho: International Relations in South America Nineteenth Century. A Case Study: The Independence and Sovereignty of Uruguay . In: Maintien de la paix de 1815 à aujourd'hui. Actes du XXIe colloque de la Commission Internationale d'Histoire Militaire . Department of National Defense, Ottawa 1995, ISBN 0-662-62062-3 , pp. 612-619, here p. 617.

[4] William R. Denslow, Harry S. Truman: 10,000 Famous Freemasons from A to J, Part One , Kessinger Publishing, ISBN 1-4179-7578-4 .

[5] José Antonio dos Santos Cardoso: Almanak Administrativo, Mercantil e Industrial (Almanaque Laemmert). Eduardo & Henrique Laemmert, Rio de Janeiro 1880, p. 33.