Parachromis
| Parachromis | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Parachromis managuensis , the type species of the genus |
||||||||||||
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Parachromis | ||||||||||||
| Agassiz , 1859 |
Parachromis is agenus of cichlids (Cichlidae)foundin southern Mexico and Central America. The distribution area extends from the catchment area of the Río Usumacinta in southern Mexico to western Panama . In Spanish, the species of the genus are called "Guapotes" ("handsome").
features
Parachromis species are sturdy large cichlids, can be 30 to just over 70 cm long and have a body that is only slightly flattened on the side, a short tail stalk and a concave forehead. The large mouth of the mainly fish-eating ( piscivorous ) cichlids can be pulled forward, the lips are well developed and the lower jaw protrudes. The outer row of the jaw teeth are large and curved. In the upper jaw the middle pair of teeth ( lying in front of the symphysis ) is enlarged, in the lower jaw it is shortened, but the one or two pairs of teeth next to it are elongated. When the mouth is closed, the long upper jaw teeth lie between the lower jaw teeth. The upper pharyngeal teeth are flattened laterally, long and curved backwards, the larger ones have a second point. The similarly shaped lower pharyngeal teeth are smaller. The soft-rayed sections of the dorsal and anal fin are scaled. On the sides of the body there are 30 to 35 scales in a middle row. There are seven to ten rows of scales on the “cheeks”. Males can develop a forehead hump with age. A characteristic drawing feature of the Parachromis species is a multiple interrupted longitudinal ligament between the eye and the base of the caudal fin.
species
There are five types :
- Parachromis dovii (Günther, 1864)
- Parachromis friedrichsthalii (Heckel, 1840) ( Syn .: Parachromis loisellei (Bussing, 1989) )
- Parachromis managuensis (Günther, 1867)
- Parachromis multifasciatus (Regan, 1905)
- Parachromis motaguensis (Günther, 1867)
literature
- Horst Linke, Wolfgang Staek: American cichlids II, large cichlids. Tetra-Verlag, Bissendorf 1997, ISBN 3-89745-101-8 , pages 367-369.
- Claus Schaefer: Parachromis. In: Claus Schaefer, Torsten Schröer (Hrsg.): The large lexicon of aquaristics. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-8001-7497-9 , pp. 743 f.
- Rainer Stawikowski and Uwe Werner: Die Buntbarsche Amerikas, Vol. 1 Verlag Eugen Ulmer, 1998, ISBN 978-3-8001-7270-2 .
supporting documents
- ↑ a b Morgenstern, R. (2018): Fishes collected by Emanuel Ritter von Friedrichsthal in Central America between 1838–1841 . Vertebrate Zoology, 68 (3): 253-267. Page 257 a. 263.
Web links
- Parachromis on Fishbase.org (English)