Parodia schumanniana
| Parodia schumanniana | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Parodia schumanniana |
||||||||||||
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Parodia schumanniana | ||||||||||||
| ( Nicolai ) FHBrandt |
Parodia schumanniana is a species of plant in the genus Parodia in the cactus family(Cactaceae). The specific epithet schumanniana honors the German cactus specialist Karl Moritz Schumann .
description
Parodia schumanniana usually grows individually with initially spherical shoots that become cylindrical with age , reaching heights of up to 1.8 meters and a diameter of 30 centimeters. The 21 to 48 distinct ribs are straight and sharp-edged. The areoles on them are very thickly woolly at the apex of the shoots. The bristle-like, straight to slightly curved spines are initially golden yellow to brown or red and later turn gray. The one to three central spines, which can occasionally be missing, are 1 to 3 centimeters long. The four radial spines, usually arranged in two pairs, have a length of 0.7 to 5 centimeters.
The lemon-yellow to golden-yellow flowers reach a diameter of 4.5 to 6.5 centimeters and lengths of 4 to 4.5 centimeters. Your pericarpel and the flower tube are densely covered with wool and bristles. The scar is light yellow. The spherical to egg-shaped fruits , dry when ripe, are brownish. They are covered with dense wool and bristles and have a diameter of up to 1.5 centimeters. The fruits contain bell-shaped, glossy reddish brown to almost black seeds that are almost smooth and 1 to 1.2 millimeters long.
Distribution, systematics and endangerment
Parodia schumanniana is distributed in the south of Brazil , in the south of Paraguay and in the northeast of Argentina on block heaps of rocky slopes.
The first description as Echinocactus schumannianus by Ernst August Nicolai was published in 1893. Fred H. Brandt placed the species in the genus Parodia in 1982 . Nomenclatory synonyms are Malacocarpus schumannianus (Nicolai) Britton & Rose (1922, incorrect name ICBN -Article 11.4), Notocactus schumannianus (Nicolai) Frič (1928), Eriocactus schumannianus (Nicolai) Backeb. (1942, incorrect name ICBN -Article 11.4) and Eriocephala schumanniana (Nicolai) Backeb. (1951). Among others, Echinocactus großei K.Schum was included. (1899) and Echinocactus buchheimianus Quehl (1899).
The following subspecies can be distinguished:
- Parodia schumanniana subsp. schumanniana
- Parodia schumanniana subsp. claviceps (F.Ritter) Hofacker & PJBraun
Parodia schumanniana subsp. schumanniana
The shoots of Parodia schumanniana subsp. schumanniana reach heights of growth of up to 1.8 meters. Often there are more than 30 ribs. The areoles on them are 7 to 15 millimeters apart. A central spine is formed, but it can also be missing. The subspecies is distributed in Paraguay in the departments Paraguarí and Guairá and the Argentine province of Misiones .
Parodia schumanniana subsp. claviceps
The shoots of Parodia schumanniana subsp. claviceps reach heights of growth of less than 50 centimeters (they may rarely be up to 1 meter high). There are 23 to 30 ribs on which the areoles are only 3 to 4 millimeters (rarely up to 8 millimeters) apart. One to three central spines are formed. The subspecies is common in the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul . The first description as Eriocactus claviceps by Friedrich Ritter was published in 1966. However, the name was incorrect according to ICBN article 11.4. Nomenclatory synonyms are Notocactus claviceps (F.Ritter) Krainz (1967), Parodia claviceps (F.Ritter) FHBrandt (1982), Notocactus schumannianus subsp. claviceps (F.Ritter) Doweld (1999) and Eriocactus schumannianus subsp. claviceps (F.Ritter) Doweld (2000, incorrect name ICBN -Article 11.4).
In the Red List of Threatened Species of IUCN is the species as " Vulnerable (VU) ", d. H. listed as endangered.
proof
literature
- Edward F. Anderson : The Great Cactus Lexicon . Eugen Ulmer KG, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-8001-4573-1 , p. 511-512 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Urs Eggli, Leonard E. Newton: Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names . Springer, Berlin / Heidelberg 2010, ISBN 978-3-642-05597-3 , p. 216.
- ^ [Ernst August Nicolai]: Echinocactus Schumannianus Nicolai . In: Monthly for cactus science . Volume 3, number 12, 1893, p. 175 (online) .
- ^ FH Brandt: The structure of the genus Parodia Spegazzini . In: Kakteen- und Orchid-Rundschau . Volume 7, Number 4, 1982, p. 62.
- ↑ H. Quehl: Novelties (continuation and conclusion from No. 3). In: Monthly for cactus science . Volume 9, Number 5, 1899, pp. 73-75 (online) .
- ^ Succulenta . 1966, p. 115.
- ↑ Parodia schumanniana in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2013.2. Posted by: Pin, A., Oakley, L., Larocca, J. & Machado, M., 2010. Retrieved January 19, 2014.
