Patrick Ronayne Cleburne

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Patrick Ronayne Cleburne

Patrick Ronayne Cleburne (born March 17, 1828 in Ovens , Ireland , † November 30, 1864 in Franklin , Tennessee ) was a non-commissioned officer in the British Army and major general of the Confederate Army .

Life

Cleburne was born in Ireland in 1828 as the son of Dr. Joseph Cleburne was born. His mother died when he was 18 months old and he was an orphan by age 15. His father was a recognized doctor in the county and after his death decided to train as a pharmacist. However, in 1846 he failed the entrance examination for study at Trinity College . Disappointed, he went to the British Army and was assigned to the 41st Infantry Regiment. Three years later he resigned and emigrated to America with his two brothers and his sister. After a brief stay in Ohio , he moved on to Helena , Arkansas , where he trained as a pharmacist and studied law. In 1860 he became an American citizen and began working as a lawyer. At this time he also met Thomas Carmichael Hindman , also a later Confederate general.

When the crisis between the northern and southern states came to a head , he decided in favor of the south, even though he was against slavery and later even vigorously campaigned for the recruitment of colored soldiers . But now he felt at home in the southern states. When the civil war broke out, he joined the Confederate Army as a simple soldier and was quickly promoted to captain . On March 4, 1862, he was promoted to brigadier general. Cleburne fought in the Battle of Shiloh on April 6 and 7, 1862, at the Battle of Perryville on October 8, 1862, was wounded in the face in the battle near Richmond, Kentucky , and was promoted to major general after the Battle of Murfreesboro .

From 1863 onwards, Cleburne and his units played an increasingly important role, including at the Battle of Chickamauga on September 19 and 20, 1863, at the Battle of Chattanooga from November 23 to 25, 1863 and in the battle at Ringgold Gap. He and his men received official Confederate Congress thanks for their dedication, and he was nicknamed the Stonewall of the West .

At the Battle of Franklin , south of Nashville, Tennessee, he was last seen brandishing his saber and marching on foot towards the Union forces after his horse was shot under him. Confederate documents indicate that he died of a shot in the stomach. The body was buried near Mount Pleasant and buried with military honors in his hometown of Helena, Arkansas, in 1870. The Cleburne County, Alabama , the Cleburne County, Arkansas , the city of Cleburne, Texas and the cemetery Patrick R. Cleburne Confederate Cemetery Jonesboro, Georgia was named after him.

literature

  • David J. Eicher: The Civil War in Books: An Analytical Bibliography , University of Illinois, 1997, ISBN 0-252-02273-4
  • Richard N. Current: Encyclopedia of the Confederacy (1993) (4 vol.) ( ISBN 0132759918 )
  • John H. Eicher & David J. Eicher, Civil War High Commands , Stanford University Press, 2001, ISBN 0-8047-3641-3
  • Ezra J. Warner: Generals in Gray: Lives of the Confederate Commanders , Louisiana State University Press, 1959, ISBN 0-8071-0823-5
  • Craig L. Symonds: Stonewall of the West: Patrick Cleburne and the Civil War . Lawrence, KS 1997.

Web links

Remarks

  1. ↑ Some sources incorrectly state March 16 as the date of birth.
  2. ↑ Irving Ashby Buck: Cleburne and his Command. Retrieved January 20, 2018 (Training in Ireland).
  3. ^ Buck, Irving A. (Irving Ashby): Cleburne and his command, New York: Neale Pub. Co. 1908, pp. 227-238 (online)
personal data
SURNAME Cleburne, Patrick Ronayne
BRIEF DESCRIPTION General of the Confederate States of America in the American Civil War
DATE OF BIRTH March 17, 1828
PLACE OF BIRTH Ovens , Ireland
DATE OF DEATH November 30, 1864
Place of death Franklin , Tennessee