Paul Pappenheim

Eugen Julius Adolf Paul Pappenheim (born September 20, 1878 in Berlin ; † May 12, 1945 there ) was a German zoologist and from July 1, 1926 to November 9, 1938, second director of the Berlin Zoological Museum (today the Museum of Natural History). He was also employed there as the curator of the ichthyological department.

family

Paul Pappenheim was the son of Eugen Itzig Pappenheim (1831-1901) and his second wife Anna Pappenheim (* 1844; † unknown). His mother and siblings Karl Pappenheim (* unknown; † unknown) and Gertrud Pappenheim (1871–1964) as well as his half-sister Anna Agnes Dorothea Wiener (* 1886; † 1946) were all members of Froebel education and the kindergarten movement. On December 7, 1922, he married Anna Marta Schröter nee Behm. His children Ruth Pappenheim (* August 28, 1906; † unknown) and Erich Pappenheim (* April 12, 1910; † unknown) emerged from the partnership.

Life

School education and study

As one of seven students, Paul Pappenheim graduated from the Kölln High School in Berlin in 1897 with a school leaving certificate. He then studied from October 22, 1897 to October 21, 1901 at the Philosophical Faculty of the Friedrich Wilhelms University in Berlin . After completing his studies, Pappenheim did his doctorate at the Zoological Institute in Berlin and obtained his doctorate in 1902.

First years of employment and military training

After completing his studies, P. Pappenheim worked as an assistant technician at the zoological institute before going into active military service on a voluntary basis. Here he did his military service in Telegraph Battalion I. 1st Campaign from October 1, 1903 to September 30, 1904.

On October 1, 1904, charged with managing the Pisces department at the Zoological Institute. In 1905 Pappenheim was given a one-week exercise in the garrison hospital before he was promoted to NCO of the German Reich on September 3, 1905. In the context of this, he was stationed in the Brandenburg garrison hospital near Havel from August 4, 1905 to September 28, 1905.  

Career advancement

After returning from the hospital, Pappenheim worked in the zoological museum. Pappenheim was initially employed in the rank of assistant from February 1, 1906, before taking up his position as custodian on February 20, 1909. On August 1, 1914, Pappenheim became civil servant.

Military action in the First World War

During World War Pappenheim was between 4 August 1914 and 28 November 1918 in the following war hospitals stationed: Chancey , Lincay, La Capelle, Four Mier. After the end of the First World War, Pappenheim was stationed in the Perleburg reserve hospital for the period from December 31, 1918 to February 22, 1919. After being released from the Perleburg reserve hospital, Pappenheim became a field hospital inspector.

Pappenheim did not take part in any combat or trench warfare during his wartime and was never a prisoner of war. On March 31, 1921, he was appointed field inspector.

Orders and decorations

On March 8, 1905, Paul Pappenheim received the Cross of Honor for War Messages for his services in the telegraph battalion. He was also awarded the Iron Cross 2nd Class on July 28, 1917 . Following the decree of the Reich Minister for Science, Education and Public Education on August 17, 1938, he was awarded the 2nd grade Loyalty Service Medal (in silver) on September 19, 1938.

Return to work after the First World War

After his return from the Perleburg reserve hospital to the Zoological Museum, he received the title of professor on July 31, 1919. On July 1, 1926, he was appointed second director of the Zoological Museum.

From April 1, 1936, the Zoological Institute was spun off from the philosophy faculty and incorporated into the mathematics and natural science faculty.

As part of his work as second director, Pappenheim was also a member of the Federation of German Natural Science Museums and held the office of treasurer from 1928 to 1936.

Since Pappenheim was of “ non-Aryan ” descent on his father's side , attempts were made on behalf of the Reich and Prussian Ministers for Science, Education and National Education to influence him to apply for retirement himself. It followed that Pappenheim asked for his release from the office of the second director. He was officially released from this position on November 9, 1938. However, he retained the position of custodian of the ichthyological department, since due to a threatened reduction in his income, he could no longer bear responsibility for his family.

politics

Pappenheim was not a member of the NSDAP , Stahlhelm, Bund der Frontsoldaten (NSDFB) or other political parties. In addition, Pappenheim had no affiliation with Freemasons , other lodges , lie -like organizations or substitute organizations. He was only a member of the Reich Association of Higher Officials, which was dissolved by the National Socialists in 1933 and renamed the "Reich Association of Higher Officials" by the NSDAP on January 1, 1934. V. “was newly founded.

Publications

• The fish of the German south polar expedition - The fish of the Antarctic and Subantarctic 1901–1903. Reimer, Berlin 1914.
• Contributions to the knowledge of the evolutionary history of Dolomedes fimbriatus Clerck, with special attention to the formation of the brain and eyes. Berlin, Phil. Diss. V. August 15, 1902
• About the fish fauna of Lake Rukwa. Meeting reports of the Society of Friends of Nature Research in Berlin, 6 1903 pp. 259–271
• A new "pseudo" electric fish from Cameroon, Mormyrus tapirus sp. n. Meeting reports of the Society of Friends of Natural Sciences in Berlin. 1905 pp. 217-219
• An ancient African family (Mormyridae). Nature. Z. Naturf. Stuttgart, 2 1906 pp. 340-344
• New and insufficiently known electric fish (Fam. Mormyridae) from the German-African protected areas P. Pappenheim; Meeting reports of the Society of Friends of Natural Sciences in Berlin 1906, pp. 260–264
• On the systematics and variation statistics of the Mormyrids mainly from the German-African protected areas, communications from the Zoological Museum in Berlin, 3 (3) 1907 pp. 339–367, 3
• A contribution to the osteology of the fish skull. The genus of Mormyrids Campylomormyrus Blkr. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 32 (6) 1907 pp. 137-139, 3
• In the zoological and anthropological results of a research trip in western and central South Africa carried out in the years 1903-05 with the support of the Kgl. Prussian treatises of the Royal Academy of Sciences in Berlin, 4 (2) 1910 pp. 273–278, tab
• Zoological results of the expedition of Mr. G. Tessmann to South Cameroon and Spanish Guinea. Fishes. Messages from the Zoological Museum in Berlin, 5 1911 505–528.6 fig.
• Fish from the German Central Africa Expedition 1907–1908. Scientific results of the German Central Africa Expedition, 5 (2) 1914 pp. 225–260,10 pl.
• Diagnosis of a new species of Characinid from South America, Aphyocharax rubropinnis sp. n. Report of the 1921 meeting, pp. 36–37
• Fish from Eastern Cameroon. Meeting reports of the Society of Friends of Natural Sciences in Berlin. 1926 pp. 133-134