Penthoscapha gerhardschereri
| Penthoscapha gerhardschereri | ||||||||||||
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Museum specimen of Penthoscapha gerhardschereri ♀ |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Penthoscapha gerhardschereri | ||||||||||||
| Riedel , 2009 |
Penthoscapha gerhardschereri is a beetle from the family of weevils and the subfamily Entiminae . The occurrence of the genus Penthoscapha is restricted to New Guinea. There are currently six known species that are included in the genus.
Notes on the name
The genus Penthoscapha was established by Heller in 1914 . Heller does not explain the name directly, but he gives two indications that the name was formed based on the generic name Rhinoscapha . Heller begins the description of the new genus with the characterization "Prope Rhinoscapha " ( Latin : Rhinoscapha related ). He only describes the genus by delimiting it from the genus Rhinoscapha . Below, Heller describes Penthoscapha lorenzi as the only species, i.e. as a type of the new genus, and begins the description of the beetle with the words black, somewhat shiny .
The genus Rhinoscapha was established by Montrouzier in 1855 . Montrouzier explains the name with the words ce genre, dont le nom rapelle la forme canaliculée du rostre (ρίν trompe σκάφη bateau), .. ( French for this genre, whose name is reminiscent of the groove-shaped shape of the trunk ..) The name is accordingly from altgr. ρις ρινός "rhis, rhinós" for "nose, trunk" and σκάφος "skáphos" or σκάφη, "skaphe" for "boat" or "trough" derived and refers to the groove-shaped shape of the trunk created by a longitudinal impression.
However, while the genus Rhinoscapha is usually represented by very colorful species, Heller considers a black beetle. This explains the part of the name Pentho- from altgr. πένθος "pénthos" for "mourning, mourning bandage". It is not uncommon in zoology to use the name part Pentho- in generic names for (partially) black-colored animals , the Latin funēbris, funērĕus, funērulus or funéstus for sad or the German name part Mourning- as a species name . The meaningless word combination Pentho-scapha can be explained as an abbreviation of Pentho-Rhinoscapha .
Regarding the species name, Riedel writes: This species is named in honor of Mr. Gerhard Scherer (Rottweil), a passionate beetlecollector, on the occasion of his 70th birthday. This patronym is seen as a recognition of Mr. Scherer's family's most generous support of systematic research and biodiversity conservation through their donation to BIOPAT eV (This species is named in honor of Gerhard Scherer ( Rottweil ), a passionate beetle collector, on the occasion of his 70th birthday The patronymic is seen as recognition for the very generous support of Mr. Scherer's family for researching the systematics and preservation of biodiversity through their donation to BIOPAT eV .)
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| Fig. 2: Side view ♂ | |
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| Fig. 3: Top of head ♀ | |
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Fig. 4 : Collapse of the wing cover ♀ green arrowhead: pommel, blue arrowhead: apical tooth |
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Fig. 1: Male in top view of wing cover on the right with a hole of needling |
Properties of the beetle
Noticeable gender differences
Outwardly, males and females differ significantly. The more elongated males (Fig. 1) with the wing-coverts only slightly rounded when viewed from above, are around fifteen to sixteen millimeters long including the proboscis. The females (taxobild) have both laterally and dorsally more strongly arched wing covers. They measure seventeen to twenty millimeters in length. The males have significantly longer legs and wider tarsi than the females. The females have patches of light-colored scaly hair on their elytra, which the males lack. The color of the spots varies between the individual individuals from pure white to light pink - possibly with scattered greenish scale hairs - to almost rust-colored.
Both sexes are black. At the bottom of the pits of the elytra, the outermost layer of the cuticle (exocuticula) secretes a yellow dye which adheres to the exocuticula in a manner reminiscent of a fungal mycelium . However, this is not the result of growth in the biological sense, but only the mechanical result of the secretion and accumulation (in Fig. 2 in the front third of the wing-coverts to be seen blurred). The structure of the attachment degenerates in dead animals and is less conspicuous in females than in males. The rest of the upper side is mostly bald in both sexes, the underside sparsely hairy.
head
The head of the beetle is glossy black and almost bald, the female has occasional light, lanceolate scale hairs. The eyes measured vertically have a slightly larger diameter than measured horizontally. They sit on the side of the head about an eye diameter from the back of the head and from the trunk base. The cheeks run almost parallel to each other. The eyes are on average 1.26 times the vertically measured eye diameter apart. They are only moderately curved. The forehead is strongly furrowed lengthways, irregular and scattered dotted and slightly indented lengthways. A sharply delimited longitudinal furrow runs median on the back of the head (unfortunately not visible in Fig. 3 because it is outside the focus area). The flat proboscis (Fig. 3) in the male is only 1.66 times as long on average as it is wide at the base, and in the female 1.55 times as long as it is wide at the base. In both cases it is only slightly longer than the head and relatively short in comparison to other species of the genus. The feelers are pivoted near the tip of the trunk, the sweeping guide pits are easily visible from above. A feeler channel runs from the steering pits in the direction under the eyes, which can also be seen from above near the steering point. In front of the turning pits, the trunk reaches the greatest width and there exceeds the width at the base by a little more than a third. The back of the trunk is slightly indented and has a very flat central keel. It has rough, irregular longitudinal furrows. The base of the antennae (shaft) is relatively long, placed backwards it extends beyond the middle of the eyes. The shaft is slim at the base, only in the last quarter does it spread somewhat like a club. The scourge has seven limbs. The shaft and flagella are sparsely hairy. The narrow club is 3.3 times as long as it is wide, the club and flagella are on average 1.74 times as long as the shaft in the males, and in the females the length of the flagella and club together is 1.68 times the length of the shaft.
Pronotum and shield
The pronotum is a little wider than it is long, the greatest width being in the front half. In the basal third, the sides run almost parallel. In the female, elongated scale hairs can be found again, which the male lacks. The disk of the pronotum is deeply wrinkled across, with indistinct points interspersed, just before the center there is a deep longitudinal impression.
The label is there, but largely covered.
Wing coverts
P. gerhardschereri is the only one of the previously known species of the genus in which the wing covers are fused. However, the skin wings are still developed. In the female, the elytra are reddish brown and together a little over two thirds of their length wide. The individual wing cover is on average 3.86 times as long as it is wide at the shoulders and 1.29 times as wide at the widest point as it is at the shoulders. In the male, the elytra are black and together only half as wide as they are long. The individual wing cover is 4.13 times as long as it is wide at the shoulders and around 1.16 times as wide at the widest point as it is at the shoulders.
The elytra are deeply pitted and roughly wrinkled across the entire length, the sculpture does not flatten towards the end of the elytra. At the rear, the wing cover drops almost vertically (Fig. 2). This fall occurs somewhat delayed at the wing cover seam and the interval immediately next to it; seen from the side, the kink of the wing cover seam forms a round knob protruding backwards (Fig. 4 green arrow), which is more prominent in the female than in the male. Only in the female does the fall end in a small, pointed apical tooth on the interval next to the seam (Fig. 4, blue arrow). The microstructure of the wing cover crash is leathery, not grainy. In the side view, the wing covers are convex until they fall (Fig. 2); a more pronounced curvature in the middle does not indicate an obtuse angle as in Penthoscapha lorentzi . The rows of points are deepened. The intervals are wrinkled crosswise, the cross wrinkles of adjacent intervals partially merge into one another, so that an irregular network-like structure is created. The intervals between the wing covers are not the same, but the third, fifth and seventh wing cover intervals are each raised like a rib.
legs
The legs are long and slender, black in the male, reddish brown in the female and shorter than in the male. The thighs are barely culled and only moderately long, the thighs of the rear pair of legs just reach the middle of the 5th abdominal segment in the female, while in the male they are longer, but do not reach the end of the wing cover. The splints are weak on the underside apical in the male, in the female clearly serrated in the lower area (clearly recognizable in Fig. 2 on the hind leg of the male). The rear rail ends cut off at an angle. The end of the rail of the hind leg is truncated at an angle, the bevel is limited by a few tooth-like bristles and ends on the ventral side in an appendage (mucron). Most species of the genus have such a mucron, but it is absent in Penthoscapha pulverea and Penthoscapha similis . In the male, the first tarsal link on the middle pair of legs is 2.4 times as long as it is wide, the second tarsal link 1.1 times as long as it is wide, in the female the first tarsal link is 1.8 times as long as it is wide, the second is already a bit wider than it is long.
distribution
The species is endemic to Papua New Guinea . The species has so far only been found thirteen times (seven males, six females), and all finds were at altitudes between 3300 meters and 3450 meters in the Jayawijaya Mountains .
biology
The beetles were found at subalpine altitude when opening pillow cushions .
swell
Alexander Riedel: "Revision of the genus Penthoscapha Heller (Coleoptera, Curculionoidea, Entiminae, Eupholini) with notes on the genera of Eupholini from New Guinea" Zootaxa ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition), ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition)
Individual evidence
- ↑ KM Heller : Coleoptera in HA Lorentz: Nova Guinea - Uitkomsten of the Nederlandsche Nieuw-Guinea-Expeditie in 1907 en 1909 IX. Tape. Leiden 1914 p. 646
- ^ Père (pastor) Montrouzier : Essai sur la faune de l'ile de Woodlark ou Moiou Lyon 1857 pp. 47/48 Etymology of Rhinoscapha in the Google book search
- ↑ Sigmund Schenkling: Explanation of the scientific beetle names (genus)
- ↑ Sigmund Schenkling: Explanation of the scientific beetle names (species)
