Phlyacic vases
The archaeological term phlyak vases describes a special variety of Sicilian and Lower Italian vases from the 4th century BC. BC, which are characterized by representations that are located in the comic drama of the Greek theater.
Earlier research still assumed that the phlyak vases exclusively reflect a sub-Italian variant of the Doric folk bosom - the phlyak posse - on which their archaeological nickname is based. However, recent research has shown that some of the representations are reflections of Attic comedy . The more than 250 vases and fragments known today show a broad spectrum of different burlesques of gods and heroes, such as Zeus and Hermes in their amorous adventures, myth travesties such as Oedipus and the Sphinx and scenes from people's lives such as weddings, love affairs or the punishment of thieves or other unfriendly contemporaries. The centers of the phlyak vases were Apulia and Paestum . Phlyacic vases are very rare outside of southern Italy.
The phlyak vases are of particular importance for research into ancient Greek theater, as the stage decorations, set-up and costumes are often presented in great detail. The comedy actors on the phlyak vases wear the typical actor's costume, which is already known from Attic vase painting and terracotta production: a jersey that fits tightly all over the body that is stuffed on the belly and buttocks and thus makes the wearer appear very thick and plump, as well as a large one wrapped phallus . The actors - all male - wore different masks and clothes depending on the role they were supposed to play. The broad spectrum of roles ranges from the citizen to house slaves to prostitutes.
literature
- Eric Csapo: A Note on the Würzburg Bell-Crater H5697 , in: Phoenix. The Journal of the Classical Association of Canada 40, 1986, 379-392
- Margarete Bieber : The History of the Greek and Roman Theater , Princeton 1961, pp. 129–146
- Heinrich Heydemann : The phlyak depictions of the painted vases , in: Yearbook of the German Archaeological Institute 1, 1886, pp. 260-313.
- Rolf Hurschmann : Phlyak vases. In: The New Pauly (DNP). Volume 9, Metzler, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-476-01479-7 , column 908 f.
- Oliver Taplin : Comic Angels and Other Approaches to Greek Drama through Vase-Paintings , Oxford 1993
- Arthur D. Trendall : Phlyax Vases , 2nd edition 1967 (BICS Supplements, Vol. 19)
- Arthur D. Trendall: Farce and Tragedy in South Italian Vase-painting , In: T. Rasmussen - N. Spivey (Ed.), Looking at Greek Vases , 1991
- Arthur D. Trendall: TBL Webster: Illustrations of Greek Drama , 1971
- TBL Webster : South Italian Vases and Attic Drama , in: The Classical Quarterly 42, 1948, 15-27
- TBL Webster: JR Green: Monuments Illustrating Old and Middle Comedy , 3rd edition 1978
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ This thesis was justified by Heinrich Heydemann : The phlyak depictions of the painted vases , in: Yearbook of the German Archaeological Institute 1, 1886, pp. 260–313; followed by Margarete Bieber : The History of the Greek and Roman Theater , Princeton 1961, pp. 129–146; A large part of the "Phlyakvasen is assigned to the Phylakenposse by Arthur D. Trendall : Phlyax Vases , 2nd edition 1967, 9; Arthur D. Trendall: TBL Webster: Illustrations of Greek Drama , 1971, 11 f. 134-142 cat. IV, 19-35; TBL Webster: JR Green: Monuments Illustrating Old and Middle Comedy , 3rd edition 1978, 4th edition.
- ↑ The discussion was initiated by TBL Webster: South Italian Vases and Attic Drama , in: The Classical Quarterly 42, 1948, 17-27 and continued by Eric Csapo: A Note on the Würzburg Bell-Crater H5697 , in: Phoenix. The Journal of the Classical Association of Canada 40, 1986, 379-392; Oliver Taplin: Comic Angels and Other Approaches to Greek Drama through Vase-Paintings , Oxford 1993, 30-90.