Phonetic

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A phonetic (Pl. Phonetics ; Chinese  聲 旁  /  声 旁 , pinyin shēngpáng or 音符 , yīnfú ) is the sound element of a Chinese character .

Examples

Examples with the characters馬,黃,單,專and its abbreviation .
黄 / 黃
广 * 廣
罵 / 駡

* Abbreviation in which the phonetic was deleted. See methods of shortening characters .

Phonetics can appear in different places within the characters: right (e.g. 同 in 铜), left (武 in 鹉), below (路 in 露), above (加 in 架), inside (元 in 园) or outside (门 in 闷) (for pronunciation, see list of phonetics in Chinese characters ). The number of phonetics is given differently in different works.

research

In the People's Republic of China, the linguist Zhou Youguang has made a particular contribution to researching phonetics and their use in didactics.

Sign lexicons / dictionaries sorted by phonetics

Some character lexicons or Chinese dictionaries are based on phonetics, e.g. For example, the modern work by Choh-Ming Li (Li Zhuomin) , which is provided with multiple indices, and the widely published Pocket Dictionary by the British missionary William Edward Soothill . The German Sinology has so far produced no such work.

In these dictionaries, all characters composed with the same sound elements (phonetics) as well as the words formed with these characters are in one place. This arrangement differs from that according to so-called radicals or significs .

  • Joseph-Marie CALLERY : Systema phoneticum scripturæ sinicæ a JM Callery, missionnario apostolico in Sinis, e Taurinensis Scientiarum Academia membro, etc. - Macao, mdcccxli [1841], Pars i, pp. v-84-xxxvi-65; Pars ii, pp. 501
  • Rick HARBAUGH : Chinese Characters: A Genealogy and Dictionary. = Zhōngwén zìpǔ 中 文字 譜 . Zhongwen.com 1998 (numerous other editions from Yale University Press). Online edition at zhongwen.com
  • Bernhard KARLGREN :
    • "Grammata Serica, Script and Phonetics in Chinese and Sino-Japanese", The Bulletin of the Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities , Stockholm 1940
    • Grammata Serica Recensa . 1957
  • LI Zhuomin (Choh-Ming LI): Lishi zhongwen zidian 李氏 中文 字典 . Shanghai: Xuelin chubanshe 1981
  • William Edward SOOTHILL : The Student's Four Thousand [zi] and General Pocket Dictionary. 1899 (numerous other editions)
  • Vasily Pavlovich VASSILYEW : Графическая система китайских иероглифов. Опыт первого китайско-русского словаря ( The graphic system of Chinese characters. Attempt of the first Chinese-Russian dictionary ; 1867). - a draft dictionary
  • Léon WIEGER , SJ: Chinese Characters: Their Origin, Etymology, History, Classification and Signification. (Translated into English by L. Davrout, SJ) New York: Paragon Book Reprint Corp. & Dover Publications, Inc. 1965 (originally published as 2nd edition, enlarged and revised according to the 4th French edition, Hsien-hsien: Catholic Mission Press, 1927.)
  • ZHOU Youguang周有光: Hanzi shengpang duyin biancha 汉字 声 旁 读音 便 查 . Changchun: Jilin renmin chubanshe 1980
  • ZHU Junsheng朱骏 声 (1788–1858): Shuowen tongxun dingsheng 说 文 通 训 定 声 . Completed in 1833, first printing in 1849 (several new editions)

literature

  • John DeFrancis : The Chinese Language: Fact and Fantasy. University of Hawaii Press, 1986
  • Cornelia Schindelin : On the phoneticity of Chinese characters in the didactics of Chinese as a foreign language. A synchronous phonetic analysis of 6,535 characters in use in the People's Republic of China . Munich: iudicium 2007 ( SinoLinguistica , vol. 13); ISBN 978-3-89129-979-1

See also

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. http://125.76.237.223/gdhy/fzzy/tgkt/wenzi/5.pdf  ( page no longer available , search in web archivesInfo: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / 125.76.237.223