Pierre-Simon Girard
Pierre-Simon Girard (born November 4, 1765 in Caen , † November 30, 1836 in Paris ) was a French civil engineer.
Girard came from a Protestant family. He studied at the École des Ponts et Chaussées and in 1789 became an engineer of bridges and roads ( engineer des ponts et chaussées ), accompanied the Egyptian expedition of Napoleon Bonapartes as a member of the Commission des sciences et des arts and then headed Napoleon Bonapartes' expedition from 1802 to 1820 as chief engineer of the Bridges and roads (Ingénieur en chef des ponts et chaussées) built the Canal de l'Ourcq , which should divert the water of the Ourcq into the Bassin de La Villette , in Paris.
In 1798 he published the first book on strength theory (only dealing with beams). He builds on Leonhard Euler and the resulting complex formulas are not very practical (such formulas of the linearized theory were first provided by Johann Albert Eytelwein and Claude Louis Marie Henri Navier ). He brought something new in the third part of his book on bending and buckling tests.
In 1815 Girard became a member of the Académie des Sciences and in 1819 director of urban gas lighting in Paris. He made a contribution to mechanics through experiments on the laws of movement of luminous gas in long pipelines.
Pierre Simon Girard died in Paris on November 30, 1836.
Works (selection)
- Mémoires sur les atmères liquides, et leur influence sur l'action mutuelle des molécules qu'elles envéloppent . Paris, 1824.
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Traité analytique de la résistance des solides et des solides d'égale résistance . Paris: 1798.
- German edition: Analytical treatise of the resistance of solid bodies and of the solid bodies from everywhere the same resistance: together with a lot of experiments on the strength and specific elasticity of oak and spruce wood . Giessen: Taschen & Müller, 1803.
- Devis des ponts à bascule à construire sur le canal de l'Ourcq . Paris: Impr.imp, 1808.
- Recherches expérimentales sur l'eau et le vent, considérés comme force motrices, applicables aux moulins et autres machines à mouvement circulaire ... suivies d'expériences sur la transmission du mouvement et la collision des corps . Paris: Courcier [u. a.], 1810.
- Recherches sur les eaux publiques de Paris, les distributions successives qui en ont été faites, et les divers projets, qui ont été proposés pour en augmenter le volume . Paris: Impr.Impr, 1812.
- Simple exposé de l'état actuel des eaux publiques de Paris . Paris 1831.
- Recherches sur les établissements de bains publics à Paris, depuis le VIe siècle jusqu'à présent . Paris, 1833.
- Memoires sur le Canal de l'Ourcq et la distribution de ses eaux: sur le dessèchement et l'assainissement de Paris, et les divers canaux navigables ... Paris: Carillan-Goeury & Dalmont.
literature
- Antoine Picon: L'invention de l'ingénieur moderne: l ' Ecole des ponts et chaussées 1747-1851 . Paris: Presses de l'Ecole nationale des ponts et chaussées, 1992. ISBN 2-85978-178-1 .
- André Guillerme: Bâtir la ville: révolutions industrielles dans les matériaux de contruction; France-Grande-Bretagne (1760-1840) . Seyssel: Champ Vallon, 1995. ISBN 2-87673-203-3 .
- Stepan Prokopovic Timosenko: History of strength materials. With a brief account of the history of theory of elasticity and theory of structures. 1953. Reprinted in Dover 1983. ISBN 0-486-61187-6 .
- Karl-Eugen Kurrer : The history of the theory of structures. Searching for Equilibrium , Ernst & Sohn 2018, p. 1000 (biography), ISBN 978-3-433-03229-9
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Girard, Pierre-Simon |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | French engineer |
| DATE OF BIRTH | November 4, 1765 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Caen |
| DATE OF DEATH | November 30, 1836 |
| Place of death | Paris |