Johann Albert Eytelwein

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Johann Albert Eytelwein, copper engraving by Johann Michael Siegfried Lowe

Johann Albert Eytelwein (born December 31, 1764 in Frankfurt am Main , † August 18, 1848 in Berlin ) was a German technician and university professor in Berlin.

As a civil engineer , architect and hydraulic engineer in the service of Prussia, Eytelwein became a pioneer of new construction technology alongside bridge builder Johann Friedrich Dietlein (1782–1837) . As a state building director, he was also active in surveying boundaries and defining units of measurement and as a specialist book author .

Euler-Eytelwein's friction inequality is named after Leonhard Euler and after him, and is used for entangled ropes and belts .

Life

Johann Albert Eytelwein was the son of the Frankfurt merchant Christian Philip Eytelwein and his wife Anna Elisabeth Katharina Hung, daughter of the furrier Albert Hung in Frankfurt. In 1790 he married Dorothea Charlotte Louise Pflaum (1767-1828), daughter of the sexton and corpse-bearer Johann Christian Friedrich Pflaum from Berlin. The marriage resulted in the son Friedrich Albert and six daughters.

Dike and hydraulic engineering, surveying and metrology, civil engineering

Eytelwein joined the Prussian artillery at the age of 15 and took his leave as a lieutenant after he had passed his survey as a surveyor. He was employed as the dike inspector of the Oderbruch from 1790 to 1794 and was promoted to the senior building officer in 1794 and employed by the senior building department , where he was primarily responsible for mathematical and scientific problems. In 1799 he was a member of the board of directors of the Berlin building academy, which he co-founded , where he was a teacher of mechanics , hydraulics , electricity , dyke construction and dynamics . Solomon Sachs was one of his students at this time . From 1802 to 1809 the building academy was headed by the Academic Deputation to which Eytelwein belonged. From 1803 he was a member of the Academy of Sciences , until 1808 extraordinary and then a full member. From 1809 to 1830 he was director of the Oberbaudeputation. From 1809 to 1815 he was also employed as an extraordinary professor at the University of Berlin .

In 1816 he was appointed Oberlandesbaudirektor and director of the Oberlandesbaudirektion. Eytelwein was from 1818 to 1825 in the “ Ministry of Commerce, Industry and the Entire Building Industry ” under Minister Hans Graf von Bülow “ Co-Director in Building Matters ” and headed the “ technical supervisory construction deputation ” which was dependent on this ministry . “From 1825 to the end of December 1830 he retained the same functions in the“ Section for the Administration of Trade and Industry Affairs ”under Interior Minister Friedrich von Schuckmann and was also appointed director of the Building Academy.

Eytelwein retired in January 1831 for health reasons. According to Minister Schuckmann, he has suffered “ for a long time from a painful disease of the abdomen. “He died in 1848 at the age of 84. He belonged to the Berlin Freemasons' lodge to the golden ship .

He was involved in the regulation of some large rivers, such as the Oder , Warthe , Vistula and Memel , as well as the port construction of Memel , Pillau and Swinoujscie . As the person responsible for the border regulations of the Rhine Province and the creation of standard gauges for Prussia, he wrote, among other things, the "Comparison of the measures and weights introduced in the royal Prussian states" (1798, the 2nd edition still appeared in 1810 (supplement 1817)).

Eytelwein laid the foundations for hydrology in Prussia with the level instruction dated February 13, 1810, which was largely developed by him .

In 1808 he gave the first linearized differential equation for beam bending ( Leonhard Euler's equation was non-linear). In France, Claude Louis Marie Henri Navier did this .

Together with colleagues he published the first civil engineering journal in Germany from 1797 to 1806 ( collection of useful articles and news on architecture ).

Honors

Works

  • Comparisons of current and formerly in the royal Prussian States introduced proportion and weights: with regard to the most exquisite proportion and weights in Europe (Realschulbuchhandlung, Berlin, second enlarged edition 1810) Digitalisat

Textbooks (construction, mechanics, geometry)

Berlin classic

As a person with a great deal of interest in culture and society, Eytelwein was one of the leading figures in Berlin classicism . Among other things, he was active in the following associations:

literature

See also

annotation

  1. ^ Uwe Kieling: Berlin building officials and state architects in the 19th century . Kulturbund der DDR, Berlin 1986, p. 24 .
  2. ↑ Ralph Schröder:  Eytelwein, Johann Albert. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 4, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1959, ISBN 3-428-00185-0 , p. 713 f. ( Digitized version ).
  3. ↑ GStA PK, II. HA General Directorate, Dept. 30. I, Oberbaudepartement, No. 36
  4. ^ Johann Albert Eytelwein. In: Catalogus Professorum. TU Berlin, accessed on March 28, 2020 .
  5. ↑ Handbook on the Royal Prussian Court and State for the year 1818 (to 1824), p. 94 f.
  6. ↑ Handbook on the Royal Prussian Court and State for the year 1828
  7. ↑ GStA PK I. HA Rep. 89 No. 28509, fol. 84 r
  8. ^ Mathias Deutsch: On the history of the Prussian level system in the 19th century. In: hydrology and water management . 54th Jg. (2010), H. 2, pp. 65-74 ISSN  1439-1783
  9. ^ Kurrer, History of the theory of structures, Ernst and Son 2008, p. 733, biography of Pierre-Simon Girard
  10. ↑ Past Members: JA Eytelwein (1764-1849). Royal Dutch Academy of Sciences, accessed November 11, 2019 .
  11. ^ Learned Berlin in 1845. Directory of writers living in Berlin in 1845 and their works from Wilhelm Koner Verlag by Th. Scherk Athenaeum in Berlin 1846 p.84
personal data
SURNAME Eytelwein, Johann Albert
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German civil engineer
DATE OF BIRTH December 31, 1764
PLACE OF BIRTH Frankfurt am Main
DATE OF DEATH August 18, 1848
Place of death Berlin