Johann Carl Ludwig Schmid
Johann Carl Ludwig Schmid (born September 12, 1780 in Cottbus ; † September 4, 1849 in Berlin ) was a German architect and Prussian construction clerk . In 1842 he succeeded August Günther as head of the Oberbaudeputation and in 1848 the Prussian state appointed him director of the Berlin Building Academy .
Early work
Little is known about Schmid's work at the beginning of the 19th century. In 1814/15 he designed the reconstruction of the burned down village churches of Großmutz ( Lage ) and Rüthnick ( Lage )
Working with Schinkel and pioneer of the Hobrecht Plan
After 1819 Schmid came into the public eye as a friend of Karl Friedrich Schinkel and as a member of the royal building deputation. At the age of 40, in 1820 he took over the management of the brickworks for the construction of the Finow Canal in Brandenburg .
From Schmid's close friendship with Schinkel, joint designs emerged, such as in 1822 for the Altes Museum am Lustgarten , which today houses the antiquities collection of the Berlin State Museums . The new Packhof on Kupfergraben , which was completed under Schmid's direction, was also based on joint plans in the years 1825/1826.
When in 1827 the Berlin magistrate decided to draw up a development plan for the surrounding area due to the strong growth and the narrowing of the city within the Berlin customs wall or excise wall , Schmid, who was responsible as senior building officer in the Prussian Ministry of the Interior, divided the area around Berlin into five plan sections Were numbered clockwise. Schmid's work was one of the conceptual forerunners of the later Hobrecht Plan of 1862, the development plan for the surroundings of Berlin .
Luisenstädtischer Kanal and differences to Lenné
Schmid had been developing concepts for the development of the Köpenicker Feld, the southern part of Luisenstadt , since 1821/1822 . Drafts from 1823/1824 envisaged a north-south canal between the Landwehr Canal and the Spree as the central axis , which was supposed to bring building materials into the booming city as a transport route. Since there was no sewer system in the city at that time , the canal was also intended for drainage. Although Schmid's overall plans were not implemented, the designs for the canal formed the basis for the construction of the Luisenstadt Canal , which Schmid was not supposed to carry out himself. After Friedrich Wilhelm IV was enthroned as King of Prussia in 1840, the urban planning of Berlin was entrusted to the landscape architect and town planner Peter Joseph Lenné .
Based on Schmid's plans, Lenné designed a development plan that should better take into account the space requirements of industrial and railroad areas and be more socially balanced. For Lenné, the social tasks of urban planning were of great importance - he considered green spaces for local recreation and streets and squares with high recreational value to be necessary for a functioning urban quarter, while for Schmid the economic aspects of a waterway with its transport options had been in the foreground of considerations. In addition to differences in the planning of the port basins and loading bays, another major difference in the plans was the routing of the canal. While Schmid had planned a very straight course from the Landwehr Canal to the Spree, Lenné had the canal at the Engelbecken bend in an arc towards the northeast, which should have an adverse effect on the flow conditions.
Frank Eberhardt writes in summary: “Schmid failed with the development plans he had drawn up, although they had been approved by the king, as did Lenné with his plan for the ornamental and border trains due to the lack of financial resources of the state and the city as well as the narrow-minded interests of the Builders. "
Honors
Schmidstrasse in the former Luisenstadt in Berlin-Mitte between Michaelkirchstrasse and Heinrich-Heine-Strasse has been bearing the name of the almost forgotten master builder since April 7, 1849.
literature
- Frank Eberhardt: An almost forgotten city planner. Johann Carl Ludwig Schmid . In: Berlin monthly magazine ( Luisenstädtischer Bildungsverein ) . Issue 9, 1999, ISSN 0944-5560 , p. 23-29, quotation p. 29 ( luise-berlin.de ).
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Entry in the monument register of the State of Brandenburg ( Memento from January 30, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Entry in the monument register of the State of Brandenburg ( Memento from January 30, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Schmidstrasse. In: Street name lexicon of the Luisenstädtischer Bildungsverein (near Kaupert )
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Schmid, Johann Carl Ludwig |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German architect and Prussian building officer |
| DATE OF BIRTH | September 12, 1780 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | cottbus |
| DATE OF DEATH | September 4, 1849 |
| Place of death | Berlin |