Pierre Roussel (doctor)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Pierre Roussel.

Pierre Roussel (born September 29, 1742 in Dax , † September 19, 1802 in Châteaudun ) was a French doctor and author.

Live and act

Pierre Roussel grew up in Toulouse and studied philosophy in his first semester. But then he began to turn to medicine, which he studied in Montpellier and in Paris . He was a friend and student of Théophile de Bordeu , who belonged to the vitalistic Doctrine médicale de l'École de Montpellier . Other teachers were Gabriel-François Venel and François-Bourguignon de Bussières de Lamure (1717–1787). He had studied the writings of Georg Ernst Stahl intensively. In Paris he worked as a doctor, anthropologist, journalist, writer a. a. with the work on the physical and moral conditions of women or philosophical table of the constitution, the organic state, temperament, manners and gender functions published in 1775. Since Roussel felt constitutionally impaired, he did not practice as a doctor, but occupied himself with medical studies and published on medical topics in magazines.

His work Système physique et moral de la femme (1775) was translated into German by Christian Friedrich Michaelis (1754-1818) the son of Johann David Michaelis and brother of Caroline Schelling , which was published with the title Physiologie des Feminen (1786) .

Roussel saw the difference between men and women primarily in their physio-psychological organization. So the difference shows itself not only in the primary sex organs, but also in the general body structure. In the case of men, "irritability" predominates, meaning muscle activity , while in women, "sensitivity" is in the foreground, which means irritability of the nerves .

Works (selection)

  • Système physique et moral de la femme ou Tableau philosophique de la constitution, de l'état organique, du tempérament, des mœurs et des fonctions propres au sexe. Paris 1775
    • Système physique et moral de la femme, suivi du système physique et moral de l'homme, et d'un fragment sur la sensibilité , 1805–1813. (Digitized version)
    • Physiology of the Female Sex , 1786
    • Sistema fisico e morale della donna ( it ). Borroni e Scotti, Milano 1853.

  • Système physique et moral de la femme , first italian edition, 1853

literature

  • Theo Jung: Signs of Decay: Semantic Studies on the Origin of Cultural Criticism in the 18th and Early 19th Century. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2012, ISBN 978-3-525-36717-9 , p. 339.
  • Robert Hanulak: Machine - Organism - Society: physiological aspects of a concept of life around 1800. Verlag Peter Lang, Frankfurt am Main 2009, ISBN 978-3-631-59125-3 , pp. 31–32.
  • Kathleen Wellman: Physicians and Philosophes: Physiology and Sexual Morality in the French Enlightenment. Eighteenth-Century Studies, Volume 35, Number 2, Winter 2002, pp. 267-277.
  • Katja Sabisch: The woman as a test subject: medical human experiments in the 19th century using the example of syphilis research. transcript Verlag, 2007, ISBN 978-3-89942-836-0 , p. 119.
  • Birgit Trummeter: The powerlessness. Staging a phenomenon of corporeality in 18th century French literature. University of Mannheim, 1999, dissertation, ISBN 3-932178-12-2 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ According to other sources, he was born in Aix in Arriège, so June K. Burton: Napoleon and the Woman Question: Discourses of the Other Sex in French Education, Medicine, and Medical Law 1799-1815. Texas Tech University Press, 2007, ISBN 978-0-89672-559-1 , p. 216.
  2. ↑ Dictionnaire des journalistes (1600–1789), Accueil 714 Pierre ROUSSEL (1742–1803). Pierre-François BURGER
  3. ^ François-Xavier Feller; François Marie Pérennès; Jean Baptiste Pérennès: Biographie universelle, ou Dictionnaire historique des hommes qui se sont fait un nom par leur génie, leurs talents, leurs vertus, leurs ereurs ou leurs crimes. Volume 11, Gauthier, Paris 1834, p. 140.
  4. ↑ June K. Burton: Napoleon and the Woman Question: Discourses of the Other Sex in French Education, Medicine, and Medical Law 1799-1815. Texas Tech University Press, 2007, ISBN 978-0-89672-559-1 , p. 216.
  5. ^ "Doutes historiques sur sapho" par le DOCTEUR PIERRE ROUSSEL (1742–1802)
  6. ↑ Elke Heinzelmann: Controversial discourse in the 18th century on the nature of women, female determination, upbringing and education for girls. LIT Verlag Münster, 2007, ISBN 978-3-8258-0054-3 , p. 27 f.
  7. ^ Theresa Wobbe ; Isabelle Berrebi-Hoffmann; Michel Lallement: The social positioning of gender: Discourses of difference in German and French sociology around 1900. Campus Verlag, Frankfurt am Main / New York 2011, ISBN 978-3-593-39526-5 , p. 102.
personal data
SURNAME Roussel, Pierre
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French doctor, journalist
DATE OF BIRTH September 29, 1742
PLACE OF BIRTH Dax (Landes)
DATE OF DEATH September 19, 1802
Place of death Châteaudun