Pierre Tarin

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Blackboard anatomy from the Encyclopédie .

Pierre Tarin (* 1721 in Courtenay (according to other information 1725), † 1761 or 1793 ) was a French physician, translator and one of the main contributors to the encyclopédie for the areas of anatomy and physiology .

life and work

Tarin was born the son of a merchant in Courtenay near Montargis . He studied medicine in Paris , but probably without a degree.

After 1747 he was very active for a few years: he taught anatomy, translated Albrecht von Haller's Primae linae physiologiae and Josias Weitbrecht's Syndesmologia into French, edited Herman Boerhaave's six-volume Elementa chemiae and wrote at least five other medical works. Particularly noteworthy are his Adversaria anatomica , first published in 1750 , which contained the first pictorial representation of the human nervous system . Medical historian Paul Delaunay considers Tarin to be one of the best anatomists of the 18th century.

He was recruited as a contributor to the Encyclopédie even before Diderot and d'Alembert took over the editorship. In volumes 1 to 11, more than 370 articles are marked with his author's abbreviation "L". In addition, Tarin also selected panels on anatomy for the booklet and provided them with explanatory comments. After Volume 7 his contributions become more sparse, but Jacques Roger suspects that anonymous contributions such as the article Physiology , in which Boerhaave and Haller are praised, come from Tarin. A thorough review of Tarin's work for the Encyclopédie is still pending .

Works (selection)

Ostéo-graphie (1753) Pierre Tarin.
  • Problemata anatomica, utrum inter arterias mesentericas, venasqne lacteas, immediacyum datur commercium. Parisiis 1748.
  • Anthropotomy, ou l'art de disséquer. Paris 1750.
  • Adversaria anatomica. Parisiis 1750.
  • Demosgraphy, or description of the ligament du corps humain. Paris 1752.
  • Elements of physiology. traduits du latin de Haller, Paris 1752.
  • Dictionnaire anatomique. suivi d'une Bibliothèque anatomique et physiologique , Paris 1753.
  • Ostéographie, ou description des os de l'adulte, du fœtus, etc. Paris 1753.
  • Myography or description of the muscles. Paris 1753.
  • Observations de médecine et de chirurgie. 3 volumes. Paris 1755.

Article from the Encyclopédie

  • «Bile», t. II, p. 249b.
  • «Dents», t. IV.

literature

  • Tarin, Pierre. In: Frank Arthur Kafker: The encyclopedists as individuals: a biographical dictionary of the authors of the Encyclopédie. Oxford 1988, ISBN 0-7294-0368-8 , pp. 360-362.
  • Wibke Larink: Images of the brain: Image-scientific approaches to the brain as a soul organ. Oldenbourg Akademieverlag, 2011, p. 346.

Web links

Wikisource: Pierre Tarin  - Sources and full texts (French)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The baptism entry in the mayor's office of Courtenay is dated December 20, 1721. Kafker, The encyclopedists as individuals. P. 362.
  2. ↑ Michaud's biography universelle ancienne et moderne and Larousse's Grand dictionnaire unversel give 1761 as the year of death. A death certificate kept in Courtenay town hall is issued to Pierre Tarin, "docteur en médecine, ancien démonstrateur d'anatomie de Paris" and dated September 18, 1793. Kafker, The encyclopedists as individuals. P. 361f.
  3. ↑ Frank A. Kafker: Notices sur les auteurs of 17 volumes de "discours" de l'Encyclopédie (suite et fin). In: Recherches sur Diderot et sur l'Encyclopédie Année. (1990) Volume 8 Numéro 8, p. 116.
  4. ↑ The Quaestionum medicarum for the years 1752 and 1763, kept in the library of the medical faculty of the University of Paris, shows neither a bachelor's degree nor the attainment of a doctoral degree for Tarin: FA Kafker: The encyclopedists as individuals. P. 360 and p. 361, footnote 1. In The Encyclopedists as a group (Oxford 1996), Kafker is more specific: "Tarin studied at the Paris Faculty of Medicine, but for some unknown reasons never received his medical degree." ( P. 57).
  5. ^ Paul Delaunay: La Vie médicale aux XVIe, XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles. Paris 1935, p. 458.
  6. ^ Jacques Roger: Les Sciences de la vie dans la pensée française du XVIIIe siècle. 2nd Edition. Paris 1971, p. 631.
  7. ^ "A detailed study of Tarin's treatment of anatomy and physiology in the Encyclopédie is long overdue". In: FA Kafker: The encyclopedists as individuals. P. 361.
personal data
SURNAME Tarin, Pierre
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French medic, translator and one of the main contributors to the Encyclopédie
DATE OF BIRTH baptized December 20, 1721
PLACE OF BIRTH Courtenay (Loiret)
DATE OF DEATH 1761 or 1793