Podostroma

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The division of living beings into systematics is a continuous subject of research. Different systematic classifications exist side by side and one after the other. The taxon treated here has become obsolete due to new research or is not part of the group systematics presented in the German-language Wikipedia.

Podostroma alutaceum in James Sowerby's Colored Figures of English Fungi or Mushrooms (1797)

Podostroma was a genus of sac fungi from the family of the crustball relatives . It was first described in 1892 by the Finnish mycologist Petter Adolf Karsten . The genus comprises 11 species, which together have a large distribution area.

features

Podostroma species have a stroma that forms a distinct stalk. This is upright, club-shaped, fleshy and bright in color. The actual fruiting bodies , the perithecia, are embedded in the stroma . The stroma has the same structure as with all crust ball relatives with apical periphyses that dissolve when ripe. Tubes and spores are indistinguishable from those of the genus Hypocrea / Trichoderma . The tubes are cylindrical with a slightly thickened tip that has a dark pore. The spores are translucent , prickly, and two-celled. Both halves of each spore soon break apart, so that there are apparently 16 instead of eight spores in each tube.

ecology

Podostroma species live in a variety of habitats, both on the ground and on plants or their fruits.

Taxonomy

The genus was described in 1892 by Petter Adolf Karsten with the type species Podostroma leucopus . The MycoBank differed following synonyms :

  • Hypocrea subgen. Podocrea Sacc. (1883)
  • Podocrea (Sacc.) Lindau (1897)

It was recognized quite early that, apart from the pedunculated stroma , Podostroma species can hardly be distinguished from Hypocrea species. After several investigations, the species were therefore integrated into the genus Hypocrea . However, the Hypocrea species form the main fruit forms of the genus Trichoderma . Due to changes in the nomenclature code , the generic name Trichoderma was proposed as a noun conservandum , which should be preserved compared to the teleomorphic genus Hypocrea . Therefore, all former Podostroma species are now integrated into the genus Trichoderma , even if no secondary crop form was previously known.

Systematics

The following types are described:

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Petter Karsten: Fragmenta mycologica XXXVIII . In: Hedwigia . 31, 1892, pp. 292-96.
  2. ↑ PM Kirk, PF Cannon, DW Minter, JA Stalpers: Dictionary of the Fungi , 10th edition, CAB International, Wallingford, UK 2008, ISBN 978-0-85199-826-8 .
  3. ↑ a b c Ulvinen, Tauno & Chamberlain, Holly L. & Rossman, Amy Y. & Stewart, Elwin L. & Samuels, Gary J .: The stipitate species of Hypocrea (Hypocreales, Hypocreaceae) including Podostroma . In: Karstenia . tape 24 , no. 1-2 , 2004, pp. 1-24 , doi : 10.29203 / ka.2004.395 .
  4. ↑ a b Podostroma P. Karst. 1892 . In: MycoBank . International Mycological Association. Retrieved October 20, 2010.
  5. ↑ Bissett J., Gams W., Jaklitsch WM, Gary J Samuels: Accepted Trichoderma names in the year 2015. In: IMA Fungus . tape 6 , 2015, p. 263–295 , doi : 10.5598 / imafungus . 06/02/02/2015 ( researchgate.net ).

Web links

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