Poecilia

Poecilia
Guppies (wild form), above one ♂ , below two ♀ .
Systematics
Superordinate : Earfish relatives (Atherinomorphae) Order : Toothpies (Cyprinodontiformes) Subordination : Cyprinodontoidei Family : Viviparous toothcarps (Poeciliidae) Subfamily : Live-bearing toothcarps (Poeciliinae) Genre : Poecilia
Scientific name
Poecilia
Bloch & Schneider , 1801

The genus Poecilia belongs to the viviparous toothcarps (Poeciliinae). Poecilia species reproduce ovoviviparously . There are 10 sub-genera (including Poecilia ) and around 40 species to the genus, all of which occur in fresh and brackish waters of southern North America and the Antilles , Central and South America up to the mouth of the Río de la Plata . They are the most widespread genus of the viviparous toothcarps.

features

Their size varies between about two centimeters ( Poecilia dauli ) and about 15 centimeters ( Poecilia velifera ). The body is stretched to compact. The genus gonopodia are the shortest in the family. At the end there is a spoon-shaped, fleshy organ of touch that surrounds the third ray of the gonopodium.

Systematics

Endler's guppy ( P. wingei )

Eyespot Parrot ( Poecilia vivipara )

The genus is divided into ten sub-genera.

• Subgenus guppies ( Acanthophacelus )
  • Surinamese guppy ( Poecilia kempkesi Poeser, 2013 )
  • Oropuche guppy ( Poecilia obscura Schories, Meyer & Schartl 2009 )
  • Guppy ( Poecilia reticulata Peters, 1859 )
  • Endler's Guppy ( Poecilia wingei Poeser, Kempkes & Isbrücker, 2005 )
• Subgenus Micropoecilia
  • Poecilia bifurca (Eigenmann, 1909)
  • Poecilia branneri Eigenmann, 1894
  • Poecilia minima Costa & Sarraf, 1997
  • Poecilia parae Eigenmann, 1894
  • Peacock butterfly ( Poecilia picta ) Regan, 1913
  • Poecilia sarrafae Bragança & Costa, 2011
  • Poecilia waiapi Bragança, Costa & Gama, 2012
• Subgenus Poecilia De Filippi, 1861
  • Eye-spot carp ( Poecilia vivipara Bloch & Schneider, 1801 )
• Subgenus Pamphorichthys
  • Poecilia akroa Figueiredo & Moreira, 2018
  • Poecilia araguaiensis Costa, 1991
  • Poecilia hasemani (Henn, 1916)
  • Poecilia hollandi (Henn, 1916)
  • Poecilia minor (Garman, 1895)
  • Poecilia pertapeh Figueiredo, 2008
  • Poecilia scalpridens (Garman, 1895)
• Subgenus Pseudolimia
  • Venezuela-Molly ( Poecilia heterandria (Regan, 1913) )
• Subgenus Limia (22 species)
• Subgenus Psychropoecilia
  • Dominika-Molly ( Poecilia dominicensis (Evermann & Clark 1906) )
  • Poecilia hispaniolana Rivas, 1978
• Subgenus Curtipenis
  • Haiti Carpfling ( Poecilia elegans (Trewavas, 1948) )
• Subgenus Allopoecilia
  

  Poecilia caucana
  • Poecilia caucana (Steindachner 1880)
  • Poecilia dauli Meyer & Radda, 2000
• Subgenus Mollienesia
  • Poecilia latipinna - species complex
    

    Broad-fin fish ( Poecilia latipinna )
    • Poecilia kykesis Poeser, 2002
    • Broad-fin fish ( Poecilia latipinna (Lesueur, 1821) )
    • Broad point carrot ( Poecilia latipunctata Meek, 1904 )
    • Sailfish ( Poecilia velifera (Regan, 1914) )
  • Poecilia sphenops species complex
    

    Black-mouthed Parrot ( Poecilia sphenops )
    • Poecilia catemaconis Miller, 1975
    • Poecilia chica Miller, 1975
    • Poecilia marcellinoi Poeser, 1995
    • Poecilia maylandi Meyer, 1983
    • Black-mouthed Parrot ( Poecilia sphenops Valenciennes, 1846 )
  • Poecilia mexicana species complex
    

    Costa Rican Molly ( Poecilia gillii )
    • Poecilia boesemani Poeser, 2003
    • Poecilia butleri Jordan, 1889
    • Amazon Parrot ( Poecilia formosa (Girard, 1859) )
    • Costa Rican Molly ( Poecilia gillii (Kner, 1863) )
    • Poecilia hondurensis Poeser, 2011
    • Poecilia koperi Poeser, 2003
    • Poecilia mechthildae Meyer, Etzel & Bork, 2002
    • Atlantic Parrot ( Poecilia mexicana Steindachner, 1863 )
    • Mangrove molly ( Poecilia orri Fowler, 1943 )
    • Lanzenspitzenkärpfling ( Poecilia petenensis Günther 1866 )
    • Poecilia rositae Meyer, Schneider, Radda, Wilde & Schartl, 2004
    • Poecilia salvatoris Regan, 1907
    • Sulfur molly ( Poecilia sulphuraria (Alvarez, 1948) )
    • Poecilia teresae Greenfield, 1990
    • Poecilia thermalis Steindachner, 1863
    • Poecilia vandepolli Van Lidth de Jeude, 1887
    • Poecilia wandae Poeser, 2003
  • incertae sedis
    • Poecilia caudofasciata (Regan, 1913)
    • Poecilia nicholsi (Myers, 1931)

literature

• Dieter Gentzsch: Poecilia. In: Claus Schaefer, Torsten Schröer (Hrsg.): The large lexicon of aquaristics. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-8001-7497-9 , pp. 785-794.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Poecilia velifera on Fishbase.org (English)
2. ↑ Maura Palacios, Gary Voelker, Lenin Arias Rodriguez, Mariana Mateos, Michael Tobler: Phylogenetic analyzes of the subgenus Mollienesia ( Poecilia , Poeciliidae, Teleostei) reveal taxonomic inconsistencies, cryptic biodiversity, and spatio-temporal aspects of diversification in Middle America. In: Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. Volume 103, (October) 2016, pp. 230-244. doi: 10.1016 / j.ympev.2016.07.025 .

Web links

Commons : Poecilia  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Poecilia on Fishbase.org (English)