Polia serratilinea
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| ( Ochsenheimer , 1816) |
Polia serratilinea is a butterfly ( moth ) fromthe owl butterfly family (Noctuidae).
features
butterfly
The wingspan of the moths found in Central Europe is 37 to 45 millimeters. Asian specimens can reach wingspans of up to 60 millimeters. The rather monotonous basic color of the upper forewing varies regionally from light gray to dark brown-gray. Ring and kidney defects stand out only indistinctly, are usually filled with gray and sometimes have a small dark spot in the middle. Pin blemishes are also very indistinct. The transverse lines are dark brown and strongly jagged. The upper side of the hind wing is unmarked gray-brown.
Egg, caterpillar, pupa
The egg has a hemispherical shape and a sharply flattened base. It has a light reddish color and is covered with many wavy longitudinal ribs. Adult caterpillars are reddish brown to grayish brown in color and marbled with dark brown. The doll is red-brown and has two tips on the shovel-shaped cremaster .
Similar species
The birch leaf owl ( Polia hepatica ), the grouse leaf owl ( Polia bombycina ) and the woody leaf owl ( Polia nebulosa ) all differ by dark spots in the submarginal region of the forewings.
distribution and habitat
Polia serratilinea is sparsely distributed in Central Europe, primarily near the Alps . It is also found in eastern Russia to the Urals . The Asian populations are divided into several subspecies , whose habitat extends into the high mountains. The species prefers to live in open grasslands and steppes as well as on rocky mountain slopes.
Subspecies
In addition to the nominate form Polia serratilinea serratilinea , which occurs in Central Europe , five other subspecies are known:
- Polia serratilinea kowatschevi Drenowski , 1931, Macedonia , Greece and Bulgaria
- Polia serratilinea pinkeri Varga , 1974, Near- and Middle East
- Polia serratilinea spalax ( Alphéraky , 1887), in eastern Russia to the Urals
- Polia serratilinea eremorealis Varga , 1974, Mongolia and China
- Polia serratilinea tenebricosa Hacker & Weigert , 1990, Himalaya and Afghanistan
Way of life
Polia serratilinea forms one generation per year. The nocturnal moths fly between May and August depending on the altitude of the occurrence and visit artificial light sources . The caterpillars feed on various herbaceous plants, preferably from the flowers of pheasant's eye ( Adonis vernalis ) or cowbells TYPES ( Pulsatilla ). During the day they hide under moss. They overwinter and pupate in the ground in the spring of the following year.
swell
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Hermann Hacker, László Ronkay & Márton Hreblay: Noctuidae Europaeae Volume 4, Hadeninae I, Entomological Press, Søro 2002, ISBN 87-89430-07-7 , pp. 52-54
- ↑ Butterflies and their ecology
- ↑ Walter Forster, Theodor A. Wohlfahrt: The butterflies of Central Europe. Volume 4: Owls. (Noctuidae). Franckh'sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart 1971, ISBN 3-440-03752-5 , p. 68.
literature
- Hermann Hacker, László Ronkay & Márton Hreblay: Noctuidae Europaeae Volume 4, Hadeninae I, Entomological Press, Søro 2002, ISBN 87-89430-07-7 , pp. 52-54.
- Walter Forster , Theodor A. Wohlfahrt : The butterflies of Central Europe. Volume 4: Owls. (Noctuidae). Franckh'sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart 1971, ISBN 3-440-03752-5 , p. 68.
Web links
- Lepiforum e. V. - Taxonomy and photos
- www.nic.funet.fi - dissemination
- Polia serratilinea in Fauna Europaea. Retrieved October 19, 2016