Vistula puncture
| Vistula puncture | ||
 The river wimp |
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| Data | ||
| location | Pomeranian Voivodeship ( Poland ), border between Gdansk and Powiat Nowodworski | |
| River system | Vistula | |
| origin | Splitting of the Vistula into Puncture and Dead Vistula 54 ° 16 ′ 50 ″ N , 18 ° 56 ′ 25 ″ E |
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| muzzle | to Gdańsk Bay Coordinates: 54 ° 21 '48 " N , 18 ° 57' 8" E 54 ° 21 '48 " N , 18 ° 57' 8" E
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The Vistula breakthrough ( Przekop Wisły in Polish ) created a new mouth of the Vistula into the Gdańsk Bay in 1895 . The river Weichsel currently represents the eastern border of the city of Gdansk in Poland .
geography
At the Gdansk Main (Gdańska Głowa), the mainstream of shared Vistula in the western arm of the Gdansk Vistula, which led to Danzig, and (today Szkarpawa Wisłą Elbląska), which in the Elbląg Vistula River in the east to the Vistula Lagoon opens. One of its arms is the Königsberg Vistula (Wisła Królewiecka). In February 1840 the Danzig arm of the river broke through the Danzig Spit in the village of Neufähr . Through the Vistula Gorge (Wisła Śmiała, translated Kühne Vistula ), the two-part place West and East Neufähr (Górki Zachodnie and Górki Wschodnie) was created.
The Wyspa Sobieszewska (transferred to Bohnsacker Insel ; formerly Spit and Aussenehrung or New Inland Spit ) was created through breakthrough and piercing .
history
The inhabitants of the land reclamation areas in the Vistula-Nogat Delta were often threatened by floods , which were often caused by ice jams in the spring months . In the breakthrough in February 1840, eight farms were swept away, but people were not killed. In April 1886 a flood destroyed the lock near Plehnendorf (Płonia).
On March 31, 1895, a seven-kilometer excavation through the Danzig Spit was completed between Schiewenhorst (Świbno) and Nickelswalde (Mikoszewo) along the dam of the Old Inland Spit . Around 1,000 workers had dug the bed, some of which was only one meter wide, since 1891, which expanded the Vistula to a width of 300 meters within a few hours. The new river bed was referred to as the “Strom Weichsel”.
Parallel to the work on the breakthrough, a lock system was built at Einlage (Przegalina) in the 1890s, which was completed in 1895. The respective locks were sized for shipping and rafting . The arm of the Vistula leading to the city of Danzig was thus separated from the estuary arms in the piercing and breakthrough of 1840. The city and the villages of the spit were protected from flooding by regulating the water levels. The Danzig Arm was known as the “Dead Vistula” (Martwa Wisła), the Krakauer Kämpe remained as a place of wood processing.
For the narrow-gauge West Prussian Kleinbahn (Żuławska Kolej Dojazdowa) a trajectory with a steam ferry between Schiewenhorst and Nickelswalde was set up. The railway ferry existed until 1956.
See also
Web links
- Zdzisław Kościelak: Przekop Wisły. In: Gedanopedia . (Polish)
Individual evidence
- ^ Note in Centralblatt der Bauverwaltung . Volume 8. Ernst & Korn , Berlin 1888, p. 168
- ↑ See the photographs in Gedanopedia.
- ↑ Redakcja "Encyklopedii Gdańska" Przegalina. In: Gedanopedia. (Polish, accessed July 24, 2020)