Cuban bald head

Cuban bald head
	Cuban bald head ( Psilocybe cubensis )
Systematics
Class :	Agaricomycetes
Subclass :	Agaricomycetidae
Order :	Mushroom-like (Agaricales)
Family :	Trussling relatives (Strophariaceae)
Genre :	Psilocybe
Type :	Cuban bald head
Scientific name
	Psilocybe cubensis
	( Earle ) Singer

The Cuban Bald Head ( Psilocybe cubensis ) is a species of mushroom from the family of the Traulle relatives . The fungus was discovered in 1906 by Franklin Sumner Earle in Cuba and described as Stropharia cubensis . In 1948 Rolf Singer had recombined the taxon in Psilocybe cubensis .

The Cuban Bald Head is not the same as Stropharia earlei . In Stropharia earlei Norvell & Redhead , originally in 1906 by Franklin Sumner Earle as Pholiota cubensis described, it is rather a different species.

features

Young fruiting bodies of the Cuban Bald Head with hats closed

Structural formula of psilocybin

The fruiting body of the Cuban bald head consists of a 5.5–7.5 cm long stem on which a 4.5–7.5 cm wide hat sits. The latter is initially pointed-bell-shaped and shaped flat with age. The red-brown, smooth-glossy hat pales yellow-brownish towards the edge. The lamellae are yellowish brown to dark yellowish brown in color. The spore powder is brown to dark brown in color. The cylindrical stem, grooved along its entire length, is pale yellow. In the upper third of the stem has a whitish ring .

ecology

The species grows on the dung of large animals such as cattle , water buffalo or elephants or on well-fertilized soil and originally comes from tropical Africa . As a cultural follower of cattle breeding, the species has spread everywhere in the tropics where cattle are farmed. It was therefore probably only introduced to South America with the dung from the farm animals of the Spanish conquerors, which is also reflected in the frequent rejection of the Indians regarding the use of the mushroom and its preferred growth locations in the vicinity of certain animal species first introduced by the colonialists.

ingredients

The Cuban Bald Head is classified as a hallucinogen and a poisonous mushroom because of the content of psilocybin (about 0.5-0.9% of dry matter) and psilocin . Because of these ingredients, the trade and possession of the mushroom in Germany and many other countries is prohibited.

Because of its psychedelic effect, the Cuban bald head is traditionally used by shamans and, also cultivated, is widely used as a drug .

swell

literature

Cortez, VG, da Silveira, RMB: The agaric genus Stropharia (Strophariaceae, Agaricales) in Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil . In: Fungal Diversity . No. 32, 2008, pp. 31-57. PDF
Paul Stamets: Psilocybin mushrooms of the world: an identification guide. Ten Speed Press, 1996. ISBN 0898158397 , pages 119-120.

Individual evidence

↑ Norvell, LL, Redhead, SA: Stropharia albivelata and its basionym Pholiota albivelata. . In: Mycotaxon . No. 76, 2000, pp. 315-320.
↑ Psilocybin Syndrome . In: Mushroom database of the toxicological department of the II. Medical Clinic of the Technical University of Munich. Retrieved April 21, 2008.
^ Bert Marco Schuldes: Psychoactive plants. More than 65 plants with stimulating, euphoric, calming, sexually arousing or hallucinogenic effects . Verlag Grüne Kraft,?. 17th revised edition. 2005. Page 64. ISBN 978-3-925-81764-9 .

Web links

Commons : Cuban Bald Head ( Psilocybe cubensis ) - Album with pictures, videos and audio files

The Shroomery (English)

[Norvell2000-1] Norvell, LL, Redhead, SA: Stropharia albivelata and its basionym Pholiota albivelata. . In: Mycotaxon . No. 76, 2000, pp. 315-320.

[Toxinfo.org-2] Psilocybin Syndrome . In: Mushroom database of the toxicological department of the II. Medical Clinic of the Technical University of Munich. Retrieved April 21, 2008.

[Schuldes2005-3] Bert Marco Schuldes: Psychoactive plants. More than 65 plants with stimulating, euphoric, calming, sexually arousing or hallucinogenic effects . Verlag Grüne Kraft,?. 17th revised edition. 2005. Page 64. ISBN 978-3-925-81764-9 .