Puente de Isabel II
Coordinates: 37 ° 23 ′ 11 ″ N , 6 ° 0 ′ 9 ″ W.
| Puente de Isabel II | ||
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| use | Road bridge | |
| Crossing of | Altarm of the Guadalquivir Dársena del Guadalquivir |
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| place | Seville | |
| construction | Iron arch construction box girder bridge |
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| overall length | 136.5 m | |
| width | 16 m | |
| Number of openings | three | |
| Longest span | 43.46 m | |
| start of building | 1848 | |
| completion | 1852/1977 | |
| location | ||
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The Puente de Isabel II , colloquially mostly Puente de Triana , is a road bridge in Seville , Spain , which connects the old town over the Dársena del Guadalquivir of the Guadalquivir , which used to run there , with the Triana district opposite .
It was Seville's first permanent bridge over the Guadalquivir and is the oldest still preserved iron bridge in Spain.
location
The Puente de Isabel II connects the Calle Reyes Catolicos in the old town with the Plaza del Altozano and the Calle San Jacinto in Triana. The bridge ends in Triana right next to the Capilla del Carmen, inaugurated in 1927, and the Museo del Castillo de San Jorge , which stands on the ruins of a fortress built in the 10th century by Abu Yaqub Yusuf I , Caliph of the Almohads , which was built after the conquest Seville in 1248 by Ferdinand III. , King of Castile and León, was given to the Order of San Jorge de Alfama , from which the museum derives its name. At times the Castillo de San Jorge was the seat of the first tribunal of the Spanish Inquisition . After its decline it became a marketplace. Part of the area of the Castillo de San Jorge was used for the construction of the bridge.
Opposite the chapel is the building of the Faro de Triana bar . It was the station building of the Compania Sanlúcar-Mar , which operated a regular service with two paddle steamers between Seville and Sanlúcar de Barrameda from 1924 .
history
The first ship bridge over the Guadalquivir in Seville, opened in 1171, was built by Caliph Abu Yaqub Yusuf I together with the fortress. It was renewed again and again over the following centuries. Because of the width of the river, the difficult soil conditions and the frequent floods, it was not until the 19th century that a permanent bridge was dared to be built.
In 1844, the two French engineers Ferdinand Bernardet and Gustave Steinacher submitted several projects to the city, from which a bridge was ultimately chosen that was almost a copy of the Pont du Carrousel (and for which license fees were paid to Antoine-Rémy Polonceau). The arches provided were wide and high enough to allow the ships of that time (with the chimney turned down) and the floods to pass. Construction of the bridge began in 1848 and was opened in February 1852.
Apart from numerous ongoing repairs, the bridge board was renewed and widened as early as 1918 in order to take account of the increased traffic and to gain space for a tram.
From 1950 onwards, the increasing traffic led to considerable concerns about the stability of the bridge. The plans published since 1964 to replace the bridge with a new construction were rejected by the population because of its appearance.
In a procession during Semana Santa in 1974, participants felt strong vibrations on the bridge, which caused a panic. The authorities closed the bridge. Due to the resistance to the demolition of the bridge, according to a project by Juan Bataneros, the bridge panel was replaced by a self-supporting T-beam bridge, whereby the arch construction was retained.
On April 13, 1976, the Puente Isabel II was declared a Monumento Histórico Nacional and on June 13, 1977 it was reopened after the renovation.
description
The Puente de Isabel II, which was built between 1848 and 1852 during the reign of Isabella II. Since its modernization in 1977, has had two vehicle lanes and sidewalks on both sides. In 2010, one lane each was converted into a wide cycle path, so that since then it has had one vehicle lane, one cycle path and one sidewalk in each direction.
The bridge itself is 136.5 m long or 162 m including the abutments. Its three openings are still spanned by the original iron arches, which were modeled on the Pont du Carrousel in Paris , which opened in 1834 . Like the Seine bridge constructed by Antoine-Rémy Polonceau , it has two stone pillars that extend to the bridge deck . The three openings are spanned by flat arches with spans of 43.46 m each. Each arch has five arch supports, which are stiffened by cross and diagonal struts. These arch supports are made of cast iron tubes with an oval cross-section. Since at that time cast iron parts could hardly be longer than 5 m and it was much easier to cast pipe halves than curved pipes, sections of left and right pipe halves were joined together so that the end of one section lies in the middle of the section of the other pipe half. The pipe halves are connected by screws. The cavity of the pipes consists of several layers of wooden boards soaked with bitumen, the remaining cavities were filled with liquid bitumen.
The gussets between the pipe arches and the bridge deck are filled with six cast iron rings with diameters decreasing towards the center. These rings have short horizontal connecting profiles with one another, while they are clamped between the pipe bends and the bridge deck without a fixed connection in the manner of a roller and are mounted on the collar of the pipe halves.
This bridge, which was built for the traffic at the time with comparatively light wagons and carriages, was no longer sufficient for the increasing traffic since 1950. Instead of replacing it with a new building, in 1977 only the bridge deck was replaced and widened by a steel girder construction with two 2.5 m wide and 1.43 m high box girders and an orthotropic plate . Since this bridge deck only rests on the pillars reinforced by concrete injections, but no longer on the arch construction, the original arches no longer have a load-bearing function. Apart from the fact that the bridge panel now protrudes laterally over the arches, the modernization can hardly be seen on a superficial view, the appearance of the bridge has hardly changed.
Web links
- Photo album on skyscrapercity.com
- Photos of the bridge and other sights before and after their renovation on abc.es
Individual evidence
- ↑ Un puente con historia on ElDiariodeTriana.es
- ^ Castillo San Jorge: Spanish inquisition Museum on andalucia.com
- ↑ Nicolás Salas: Seville: Crónicas del Siglo XX , Volume 3: 1941-1960 , Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, 1993, ISBN 84-7405-979-8 , p 102 ( Extract on Google Books)
- ↑ In the Spanish sources the first names are regularly given as Fernando and Gustavo.
- ↑ a b c d e f Patrimonio Inmueble de Andalucía Instituto Andaluz del Patrimonio Histórico
- ↑ Pánico en el Puente de Triana al paso article of March 27, 2013 on ElDiariodeTriana.es
- ↑ Puente Isabel II on Sevillaguia.com
- ↑ Puente de Triana on VuelosbarratosSevilla.com
- ↑ Google Earth, Google Street View